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2010-07-24,河南省栾川县境内普降暴雨,引发多处泥石流灾害(简称“7·24”泥石流),造成重大人员伤亡和财产损失。对泥石流的分布、类型、静动力学特征、灾害和损失进行总结,在此基础上,从降雨、地形和物源条件对泥石流成因进行了分析。结果表明:“7·24”泥石流分布范围主要沿着雨量高值区、地貌过渡区、人类活动区展布,泥石流类型多样,危害严重。丰富的前期降雨量,极高的日降雨量和短历时高雨强是泥石流的激发因素,充足的前期降雨量可以极大削弱物源地岩土体的强度。大部分泥石流沟的山坡坡度和沟床比降属于泥石流易发范围,说明栾川县的地形条件有利于泥石流的形成。区内泥石流物质来源丰富,通过“表观物源量”指标对物源进行分区发现,物源主要集中在区域性断裂和人类活动区附近。“7·24”泥石流是有利的地形、充足的物源和高强度的降雨共同作用的结果。
2010-07-24 Heavy rainfall in Luanchuan County of Henan Province triggered many landslide hazards (referred to as the “July 24” debris flow), causing heavy casualties and property losses. The debris flow distribution, types, hydrodynamic characteristics, disasters and losses are summarized. Based on the above, the causes of debris flow are analyzed from the aspects of rainfall, topography and provenance. The results show that the distribution of debris flow of “7 · 24” mainly distributes along the areas with high rainfall value, transitional area of geomorphology and human activity area. The types of debris flow are various and the damage is serious. Rich pre-rainfall, high daily rainfall and short duration high rainfall intensity are the trigger factors of debris flow. Adequate pre-rainfall can greatly weaken the strength of the rock and soil bodies in the provenance. The slopes and ditches of the ditches of most debris flow ditches belong to the range of debris flow susceptibility, indicating that the topography of Luanchuan County is favorable for the formation of debris flow. There are abundant sources of debris flow in the area, and the provenance is divided by “apparent source ” index. The provenance mainly concentrates in the vicinity of regional faults and human activities. "Debris flow is the result of a combination of favorable topography, abundant provenance and intense rainfall.