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为研究列车升弓过程弓网电弧的外在形态特性,基于弓网电弧试验系统和高速COMS(complementary metal oxide semiconductor)相机图像采集系统采集了弓网电弧图像,分析了弓网电弧燃烧过程的运动机理,并利用数字图像处理技术对图像进行了图像增强、边缘检测、灰度等值线绘制等处理,进而又计算了电弧面积,分析了输入电流对电弧面积的影响。结果表明:静态弓网燃弧过程一般经历触发—扩散—稳定燃弧—再次扩散—熄弧5个阶段,形貌呈椭圆形;图像增强、边缘检测和灰度等值线绘制分别对弓网电弧实现了能量辐射范围的显示、局部形态的精确提取和温度梯度与等离子体密度梯度的描述;电弧面积随输入电流的增大而显著增大,但并不与电流的二次方成正比;输入电流越大,电弧达到稳定燃烧所需时间越短。以上结论为进一步研究高速铁路弓网电弧外部形态特性和内部等离子体参数提供了理论基础。
In order to study the external morphological characteristics of arch arc during train lifts, arc arch images were acquired based on arc arch test system and CMOS (complementary metal oxide semiconductor) camera image acquisition system. The arc motion during arch arc was analyzed Mechanism and digital image processing technology to image enhancement, edge detection, gray contour drawing and other processing, and then calculate the arc area, the analysis of the input current on the arc area. The results show that the arc process of the static bow-net usually undergoes five stages of triggering-diffusion-stabilizing arc-re-diffusion-quenching. The morphology of the arc is elliptical. Image enhancement, edge detection, The arc realizes the display of energy radiation range, the precise extraction of local morphology and the description of temperature gradient and plasma density gradient. The arc area increases with the increase of input current, but it is not proportional to the square of current. The larger the input current, the shorter the time it takes for the arc to reach a steady state of combustion. The above conclusions provide the theoretical basis for further study on the external shape characteristics and internal plasma parameters of high-speed railway arch arc.