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目的了解北京市怀柔区2~5岁健康儿童流感嗜血杆菌(Hi)鼻咽部携带现况,同时评价Hib疫苗效果及安全性。方法 2012年9月—2013年4月抽取472名2~5岁未接种过Hib疫苗的健康儿童,将儿童分为Hib疫苗接种组和对照组,采集其3次鼻咽拭子,观察两组儿童鼻咽部Hi携带率和Hib疫苗的安全性。结果检出Hi阳性标本45份,2~5岁儿童鼻咽部Hi携带率为9.53%;其中3岁组携带率最高,达12.77%。疫苗接种不良反应发生率为8.50%,轻度反应(1级)最多,占6.54%。结论建立了怀柔区2~5岁儿童Hi鼻咽部携带率基线,Hib疫苗安全性较好。
Objective To investigate the status of nasopharyngeal infection of Hi (Haemophilus influenzae) in healthy children aged 2 ~ 5 years in Huairou District of Beijing and evaluate the efficacy and safety of Hib vaccine. Methods Seventy-two healthy children aged 2-5 years without Hib vaccine were collected from September 2012 to April 2013. The children were divided into Hib vaccination group and control group. Three nasopharyngeal swabs were collected and the two groups were observed. Childhood nasopharyngeal Hi carrier rate and Hib vaccine safety. Results Hi-positive specimens were detected 45 cases, 2 to 5 years old children with nasopharyngeal Hi carrying rate of 9.53%; of which 3-year-old group carrying the highest rate of 12.77%. The incidence of adverse reactions of vaccination was 8.50%, mild reaction (level 1) was the most, accounting for 6.54%. Conclusions The Hi-nasopharyngeal carriage rate of children aged 2 ~ 5 years in Huairou district was established. The safety of Hib vaccine was good.