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[目的]分析南昌市疑似预防接种异常反应(Adverse Events Following Immunization,AEFI)发生特征,评价AEFI监测系统运转状况、疫苗的安全性。[方法]通过中国免疫规划监测信息管理系统收集南昌市2006-01-01~2009-06-30报告的AEFI个案数据,采用描述性方法对相关指标进行流行病学分析。[结果]南昌市报告AEFI49例,一般反应和异常反应占89.80%;每年2～7月份报告39例,占79.60%;2～6月龄和1～2岁2个年龄段各占42.8%和28.6%;以百日咳-白喉-破伤风联合疫苗第1剂接种为主;多发生在接种后3d内,占83.7%;临床损害以发热、局部红肿最为多见,异常反应中以过敏性皮疹和无菌性脓肿多见,占60.87%。[结论]AEFI监测系统总体运转情况良好,疫苗安全性高,AEFI报告数偏少,须进一步完善AEFI鉴定和补偿办法。
[Objective] To analyze the characteristics of suspected AEFI in Nanchang and evaluate the operation of AEFI monitoring system and the safety of the vaccine. [Methods] AEFI case data collected from 2006-01-01 ~ 2009-06-30 in Nanchang City was collected through the China Immune Program Monitoring Information Management System. The descriptive method was used to carry out epidemiological analysis of related indicators. [Results] There were 49 cases of AEFI reported in Nanchang City, accounting for 89.80% of the general reaction and abnormal reaction; 39 cases were reported from February to July each year, accounting for 79.60%; 2 to 6 months and 1 to 2 years old each accounted for 42.8% 28.6%. The first dose of the first combination of pertussis-diphtheria-tetanus vaccine was inoculated. Mostly occurred within 3 days after inoculation, accounting for 83.7%. The most common clinical lesion was fever and local redness. The abnormal reaction was caused by an allergic skin rash and Aseptic abscess more common, accounting for 60.87%. [Conclusion] The overall operation of AEFI monitoring system is good, the safety of vaccines is high, and the number of AEFI reports is too small. Therefore, the AEFI appraisal and compensation methods should be further perfected.