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民国前期江南地区的新式灌溉事业获得了一定程度的发展,以往的研究成果重心多在农田灌溉形式的转型,本文则从生产资料供给部门的角度出发,认为城市机械工业企业家的创新精神在一定程度上推动了“以工促农”。民国前期江南农村对新式灌溉的需求带动了城市机械工业的发展,城市机械工业企业家则以其熊彼特式创新精神开发了适用于中国农村的技术,保障了灌溉机械的供给,新旧部门间形成良性互动。然而,由于农村市场有效需求不足及剩余劳动力转移的迟滞,机械工业无法对农村经济社会施加更加正面的影响,产业间的联系仍相当脆弱。
In the early period of the Republic of China, the new irrigation projects in Jiangnan area gained a certain degree of development. In the past, most of the research results focused on the transformation of farmland irrigation patterns. From the perspective of the means of supply of production materials, this paper argues that the innovation spirit of urban machinery industrialists is certain To a certain extent, promoted “promoting agriculture by work”. In the early period of the Republic of China, the demand for new irrigation in the rural areas of south China drove the development of urban machinery industry. The urban machinery industrialists, in their Schumpeterian spirit of innovation, developed technologies suitable for rural China and ensured the supply of irrigation machinery. Form a positive interaction. However, because of the inefficient demand in rural markets and the lag in the transfer of surplus labor, the machinery industry can not exert a more positive impact on rural economy and society, and the linkages among industries are still rather weak.