宇航员训练模拟器或训练器除了要完成基本的飞行训练功能外,对一些难度大、危险性高的操作或特殊任务,还应专门设计相应的任务训练功能块或系统,以完善宇航员训练的各个环节。本文主要介绍美国NASA约翰逊航天中心的一些专门面向任务的宇航员训练模拟器,用以训练宇航员完成对接、舱外活动和逃逸救生操作等项目,并提出了几点启示。 Astronaut training simulator or trainer in addition to the completion of the basic flight training functions, the operation of some difficult, dangerous high-level operations or special tasks, should also be designed to train the appropriate task function blocks or systems to improve astronaut training In all aspects. This article mainly introduces some mission-specific astronaut training simulators of the NASA Johnson Space Center in the United States, which are used to train astronauts to complete docking, extra-ship activities and escape and rescue operations, and put forward some enlightenments.