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企业改革是一项长期战略任务。党的十五届五中全会对我国“十五”时期企业改革和发展作出了全面部署,提出了明确的目标和任务。内河航运是综合运输体系的重要组成部分,在经济发展中具有重要的作用和影响。因此,航运企业如何在深化改革中进行战略性调整,发挥它应有的优势和作用,已是极具紧迫性的问题。 一、安徽内河航运企业的现状和问题 改革开放20多年来涸家和地方投入到安徽省内河航运建设的资金有较大的增加（约10亿多元）,内河航运比改革开放前有较大的发展。目前,在安徽省境内从事水运的航运企业约有300家,个体（联户）运输蓬勃发展。到1999年底,全省民用运输船舶已达到325.5万载重吨,其中水运部门轮驳船75.5万载重吨,分别比1985年增长2.1倍和38.3％。全省内河货运量完成4726万吨,货物周转量完成157.4亿吨公里,分别比1985年增长1.2倍和1.4倍。内河港口（包括长航5港）吞吐量从1985年的4225万吨增加到1999年的6862万吨,增长64.2％。但是,由于内河航运底子薄、欠账多、技术装备落后、所受内部和外部环境影响较大,发展还相对缓慢。在整个运输体系中的比重一直在降低,全省大部分航运企业亏损,有的陷入严重困境。
Enterprise reform is a long-term strategic task. The Fifth Plenary Session of the 15th Central Committee of the Party made a comprehensive plan for the reform and development of the enterprise in the “Tenth Five-Year Plan” period in our country and put forward specific goals and tasks. Inland shipping is an important part of the integrated transport system and plays an important role and influence in economic development. Therefore, it is an extremely urgent issue for shipping enterprises to make strategic adjustments in deepening their reforms and to play their due advantages and roles. I. Status and Problems of Inland Shipping Corporations in Anhui Province Since the reform and opening up, more funds have been invested in the construction of inland waterway transport in Anhui Province over the past 20 years (about 10 billion yuan), and the inland shipping has been larger than before the reform and opening up development of. At present, there are about 300 shipping enterprises engaged in water transport within the territory of Anhui Province, and individual (joint-stock) transport is booming. By the end of 1999, the number of civilian transport vessels in the province had reached 3.255 million deadweight tons, of which 755,000 deadweight tons were barges shipped by the shipping sector, an increase of 2.1 times and 38.3% respectively over 1985. Inland water transport volume of the province was 47.26 million tons, cargo turnover was 15.74 billion tons kilometers, an increase of 1.2 times and 1.4 times respectively over 1985. The throughput of inland ports (including CSA 5) increased from 42.25 million tons in 1985 to 68.62 million tons in 1999, an increase of 64.2%. However, due to the fact that the inland shipping industry has a lot of groundwork, large amounts of debts, and backward technology and equipment, it has been greatly affected by the internal and external environment and its development is still relatively slow. The share of the entire transport system has been declining. Most shipping enterprises in the province have suffered losses, and some have been in serious difficulties.