1.前言当我们考虑下一代铁路牵引柴油机时,应当考虑到燃油消耗率必须有所改善。与此同时,发动机的比功率也必须有所提高,并且不会因之给发动机的可靠性带来任何有害的影响。这就意味着我们必须考虑下面这一对矛盾:尽可能降低燃油消耗率;为获得高的可靠性而限制爆发压力。由于不可能增加爆发压力,因此,改进燃油消耗的唯一办法就是提高增压器的效率。 1. Introduction When we consider the next generation of railway traction diesel engines, we should consider that the fuel consumption rate must be improved. At the same time, the specific power of the engine must also be increased without any detrimental effect on the reliability of the engine. This means that we must consider the following contradiction: to reduce fuel consumption as much as possible; to limit the outbreak pressure in order to achieve high reliability. Since it is impossible to increase the outbreak pressure, the only way to improve fuel consumption is to increase the efficiency of the supercharger.