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中国出现铁路前后,英、德、美列强曾三次向清政府赠送“火车”,以炫耀西方科学技术,争取在华修建铁路的特权。 早在1872年,英国就已着手策划修筑上海至吴淞的铁路,但一直没有合适的时机和借口。当得知1873年农历9月15日同治皇帝要举办结婚周年庆典时,以沙色兰公爵为代表的英帝国主义分子提出向同治皇帝献赠“婚礼火车”的计划,并募集资金约6万英镑,赶制机车2辆,客货车厢2至3辆,铁路轨道20至3O公里。当时中国境内尚未建有铁路,清廷内部的顽固派把西方技术一概说成奇技淫巧,穷加排斥,拒绝收受“婚礼
Before and after the emergence of China’s railway, the British, German and U.S. powers gave the Qing government three times a “train” to show off Western science and technology and fight for the privilege of building a railway in China. As early as 1872, the United Kingdom began planning the construction of the railway from Shanghai to Wusong, but there was no suitable time and excuse. Upon learning of the anniversary of the wedding of Emperor Tongzhi on September 15, 1873, the British imperialists represented by Duke Sharonlan proposed to donate a “wedding train” to the Tongzhi Emperor and raised about 60,000 yuan Sterling, two locomotives, two to three passenger cars, railroad tracks 20 to 30 km. At that time, no railroad was built in China. The die-hards in the Qing government described the Western technology as a miracle trickery. They refused to accept the "wedding ceremony