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为了研究大功率横流CO_2激光器模式的形成原因及改善途径,理论分析了横流CO_2激光器的管板式电极结构。通过数值求解放电区电势的拉普拉斯方程,得到了电势和电场的空间分布。由场强的分布可以定性地认识放电区电子密度、粒子数密度、光子密度的分布情况,从而定性解释了模式形成的原因和光斑能量分布不均匀的特点。计算结果表明,减小电极距离和增大阴极管径都有助于提高光轴附近场强和均匀性,进而可以提高电子密度,从而达到控制、改善光斑模式的作用。在理论分析的基础上,对激光器的电极和光轴等进行了调整,实测得到了明显改善的光斑模式。
In order to study the formation reason of the high-power cross-flow CO_2 laser mode and the way to improve it, the tube-plate electrode structure of the cross-flow CO_2 laser was theoretically analyzed. The Laplace equation of potential in the discharge zone is numerically solved to obtain the spatial distribution of potential and electric field. From the distribution of field strength, we can know the distribution of electron density, particle number density and photon density in the discharge zone qualitatively, and explain the reason of pattern formation and uneven energy distribution of spot. The calculation results show that decreasing the electrode distance and increasing the diameter of the cathode all contribute to improving the field strength and uniformity near the optical axis, and thus can increase the electron density so as to achieve the control and the improvement of the spot pattern. On the basis of the theoretical analysis, the laser electrode and optical axis were adjusted, the measured spot pattern was significantly improved.