目的探讨小学生应急救护教育有效性在不同知识和不同年级的差异,挖掘高效的教育内容和教育时间,为同行开展类似工作提供借鉴。方法于2014年3—11月,选取上海市虹口区第三中心小学一至五年级的所有在校学生,共2 010人作为研究对象,采用以班级为单位、知识和技能相结合的方式进行应急救护教育,并以问卷调查进行教育前后的应急救护知识评估。数据分析在Excel 2010环境下进行,方法主要为描述性分析,差异性检验采用χ2检验,以P<0.01为差异有统计学意义。结果教育前,不同年级小学生对问题回答的正确率差异存在统计学意义(P<0.01),低年级小学生的各项应急知识欠缺情况相比于高年级小学生更为严重;教育后,各年级小学生的问题回答正确率均大于50%,且不同年级小学生问题回答的正确率差异无统计学意义(P>0.01);教育前后比较发现,各年级小学生对问题回答的正确率均有了较大提高,其中低年级小学生在鼻出血的处理办法、地震安全逃生常识等方面均获得最大比例的提升。结论不同年级小学生对应急救护知识的吸收情况不一致,且低年级相比高年级在多项应急教育项目方面有较多的正确率提升,这就提示应急教育工作应尽早开展。本研究在设计上虽存在一些不足之处,但对后续相关工作的开展仍具有一定的借鉴意义。 Objective To explore the effectiveness of primary and emergency education in primary school students in different knowledge and different grades, to find out the effective content of education and education time, to provide reference for other colleagues to carry out similar work. Methods From March to November 2014, all students enrolled in the first to fifth grade of the Third Central Primary School, Hongkou District, Shanghai were enrolled in this study. A total of 2,010 students were selected as research subjects. The students were enrolled in a combination of class and knowledge and skills Ambulance education and assessment of emergency ambulance knowledge before and after education through questionnaire. The data analysis was carried out in the environment of Excel 2010. The method was mainly descriptive analysis, the difference test was χ2 test, and the difference was statistically significant at P <0.01. Results Before education, there was a significant difference in the correct rate of answering questions among pupils of different grades (P <0.01). The deficiencies of various emergency knowledge of pupils in lower grades were more serious than that of pupils in upper grades. After education, pupils of all grades (P> 0.01). The correct rate of question answering was higher than 50%, and there was no significant difference in the correct rate of answering question among pupils in different grades (P> 0.01) , Of which the lower grade primary school students in the treatment of epistaxis, earthquakes and other safety tips to maximize the proportion of escalation. Conclusions The pupils in different grades have different absorption of emergency medical knowledge, and there is more correct rate in many junior high schools in many emergency education projects, which suggests that emergency education should be carried out as soon as possible. Although there are some shortcomings in the design of this study, it still has certain reference significance for the follow-up related work.