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研究比较了皇家嘎啦苹果二倍体及同源四倍体的气孔特征及生理特性。结果表明 ,四倍体的苹果叶片厚 ,气孔大 ,气孔密度小 ,保卫细胞叶绿体数目多 ,叶绿素含量高。四倍体在光诱导过程中气孔导度增加缓慢且较二倍体低 ,诱导初期光合速率较低主要是气孔限制造成的。在光响应过程中 ,四倍体皇家嘎啦苹果叶片表观量子效率比二倍体大 ,而光饱和点及最大光合速率却比二倍体低 ,与二倍体相比较具有阴生植物的某些特点。
The stomatal characteristics and physiological characteristics of diploid and autotetraploid of royal Gala apple were studied. The results showed that tetraploid apple leaves were thick, with large stomata and stomatal density, with many chloroplasts in guard cells and high chlorophyll content. The tetraploid photosynthetic rate of stomatal conductance increased slowly and was lower than that of diploid, and the initial photosynthetic rate was mainly caused by stomatal limitation. In photoperiod, the apparent quantum yield of tetraploid Royal Gala Apple leaves was larger than that of diploid, but the light saturation point and the maximum photosynthetic rate were lower than that of diploid, compared with that of diploid Some features