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采用全数字型多通道微震监测系统,对深部复杂采空区岩体和上部露天台阶絮渣岩体分别进行了现场爆破应力波传播特性试验,利用P波触发时间和传播距离组成的离散点进行线性拟合,得出应力波传播速度,结果显示深部复杂采空区岩体和上部絮渣岩体明显出现两个层状速度模型。利用应力波振幅和传播距离组成的离散点进行曲线拟合,并对应力波信号进行频谱分析和滤波处理,研究应力波的衰减特性。试验结果表明,应力波振幅随传播距离的增加而减小,且在数值上呈乘幂衰减;应力波衰减系数和应力波频率成正比,数值上呈三次多项式关系,高频成分应力波衰减更加明显。利用试验数据,分别计算出深部复杂采空区岩体和上部絮渣岩体的平均品质因子,计算结果分别为4.055和2.478,两者远小于一般原岩的岩体品质因子,说明复杂采空区和絮渣的存在对应力波的传播有很大影响。
The all-digital multi-channel microseismic monitoring system was used to test the propagation characteristics of on-site blasting stress wave in the deep complex mined-out rock mass and the upper alluvial rock mass. Based on the discrete points composed of P-wave triggering time and propagation distance Linear fitting, the stress wave propagation velocity is obtained. The results show that two layered velocity models obviously appear in the rock mass and the upper part of the complex deep goaf. Curve fitting is carried out by using discrete points composed of amplitude and propagation distance of stress wave. Spectrum analysis and filtering of stress wave signal are carried out to study the attenuation characteristics of stress wave. The experimental results show that the amplitude of stress wave decreases with the increase of propagation distance, and decreases exponentially with power. The attenuation coefficient of stress wave is proportional to the frequency of stress wave, which shows a cubic polynomial relationship with the attenuation of high-frequency stress wave obvious. The experimental data are used to calculate the average quality factor of deep and complex mined-out rock mass and upper taphole. The calculated results are 4.055 and 2.478, respectively, which are much smaller than those of the original rock, indicating that the complex mined-out The presence of zones and debris has a significant impact on the propagation of stress waves.