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运用有限元计算软件ABAQUS对16mm厚不锈钢板的激光全熔透焊的温度场和应力场进行了模拟.采用一体两面的复合焊接热源模型来刻画激光全熔透焊过程中的热输入特征,以柱状体热源代表焊接小孔传热模式,以2个超高斯面热源代表等离子体/金属蒸气云对熔池的辐射传热模式.结果表明:温度场模拟结果得到了与实验结果相一致的“沙漏状”焊缝;钢板内纵向残余应力最大,横向应力次之,板厚方向横向应力最小;纵向拉应力主要分布在焊缝两侧约25mm的区域内,最大值已超过材料的屈服强度;经测算,钢板焊后的角变形量仅为0.35°,这是由于激光焊接能量输入高且集中、可不用开坡口而一次性将钢板焊透.
The temperature field and the stress field of the fully laser welded 16mm thick stainless steel plate were simulated by the finite element software ABAQUS.The heat input characteristics during laser full penetration welding The columnar heat source represents the heat transfer mode of the welding pinhole, and the two super-Gaussian surface heat sources represent the radiative heat transfer mode of the plasma / metal vapor cloud to the weld pool.The results show that the temperature field simulation results are consistent with the experimental results, “Hourglass” welding seam; the longitudinal residual stress is the largest in the steel plate, the transverse stress is the second, and the lateral stress in the plate thickness direction is the smallest; the longitudinal tensile stress is mainly distributed in the area about 25mm on both sides of the weld seam, Strength; It is calculated that the angle of deformation of the plate after welding is only 0.35 °, which is due to the high energy laser welding input and concentration, without the need for a one-time steel plate penetration beating.