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在田间试验条件下,采用10个小麦品种,设全生育期不灌水(W0)、灌底墒水+拔节水(W1)、灌底墒水+拔节水+开花水(W2)3个处理,每次灌水量60 mm,研究不同小麦品种不同生育阶段的耗水特点和籽粒产量的差异.结果表明:以W0、W1和W2处理的小麦籽粒产量和水分利用效率(WUE)2因子为指标进行聚类分析,可将10个品种分为3组:高产高水分利用效率组(组Ⅰ)、高产中水分利用效率组(组Ⅱ)和中产低水分利用效率组(组Ⅲ).在W0处理下,组Ⅰ小麦品种的总耗水量、开花至成熟期的耗水量和耗水模系数均低于组Ⅱ和组Ⅲ,籽粒产量最高;在W1处理下,组Ⅰ小麦品种拔节至开花期的耗水量和耗水模系数均低于组Ⅱ和组Ⅲ,开花至成熟期的耗水量和耗水模系数在组Ⅰ、组Ⅱ和组Ⅲ间无显著差异;在W2处理下,组Ⅰ小麦品种的土壤供水量、拔节至开花期的耗水量和耗水模系数均低于组Ⅱ和组Ⅲ,开花至成熟期的耗水量和耗水模系数为组Ⅰ和组Ⅲ低于组Ⅱ.表明组Ⅰ高产高水分利用效率品种为最适宜品种,而底墒水和拔节水各灌60 mm的W1处理是兼顾高产与节水的最佳处理.
Under the field experiment, 10 wheat cultivars were used. Three treatments, W0, W1 + W1, Irrigating water + W2 + The experiment was conducted to study the differences of water consumption characteristics and grain yield at different growth stages of different wheat varieties.The results showed that the grain yield and water use efficiency (WUE) of W0, W1 and W2 were both clustered Ten varieties were divided into three groups: high yield and high water use efficiency group (group Ⅰ), high yield and middle water use efficiency group (group Ⅱ) and middle yield low water use efficiency group (group Ⅲ) .W0 treatment, The total water consumption, the water consumption and water consumption modulus of flowering to maturity of group Ⅰ wheat were lower than those of group Ⅱ and group Ⅲ, and the grain yield was the highest. Under W1 treatment, the water consumption of wheat from group Ⅰ to flowering And water consumption modulus were lower than those in groups Ⅱ and Ⅲ. There was no significant difference in water consumption and water consumption modulus between flowering and maturity in group Ⅰ, group Ⅱ and group Ⅲ. Under W2 treatment, Soil water supply, water consumption and water consumption modulus at jointing to flowering stage were all lower than those in groups Ⅱ and Ⅲ, flowering The coefficients of water consumption and water consumption modulus to mature stage were lower than those in group I and group III, indicating that the high yield and water use efficiency of group I was the most suitable variety, while the W1 treatment with 60 mm irrigation of bottom water and jointing water was Take into account the best treatment of high yield and water conservation.