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目的:分析女性急性心肌梗死(AMI)患者的临床特点,治疗情况及预后。方法:入选2001~2008年恩施土家族地区AMI患者女性154例,男性462例进行回顾性研究,比较两组吸烟、高血压病、糖尿病、血脂异常、体质量指数(BMI)、阳性家族史、抑郁、典型胸痛症状、治疗情况、并发症及预后的差异。结果:经多因素条件logistic回归分析,女性AMI患者中年龄、高脂血症、BMI>25 kg/m2、抑郁、不典型胸痛症状、并发症发生率明显高于男性,有效治疗率明显低于男性,女性AMI患者预后明显差于男性(P<0.05,P<0.01);女性AMI患者中吸烟,典型缺血性胸痛症状明显低于男性(P<0.01);高血压病,阳性家族史,糖尿病两者的差异无统计学意义。结论:恩施土家族地区女性AMI危险因素是高脂血症、BMI、抑郁;临床症状不典型,就诊时间延误没得到及时有效的治疗导致并发症发生率高、预后差的重要因素。
Objective: To analyze the clinical characteristics, treatment and prognosis of female patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Methods: A total of 154 AMI women and 462 male AMI patients were enrolled in this study. The smoking, hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia, body mass index (BMI), positive family history, Depression, typical symptoms of chest pain, treatment, complications and prognosis. Results: The multivariate conditional logistic regression analysis showed that the incidence of complications, age, hyperlipidemia, BMI> 25 kg / m2, depression and atypical chest pain in women with AMI were significantly higher than those in men The prognosis of male and female patients with AMI was significantly lower than that of men (P <0.05, P <0.01). The symptoms of smoking and typical ischemic chest pain in female AMI patients were significantly lower than those in male patients (P <0.01); hypertension, positive family history, The difference between the two was not statistically significant. Conclusion: The risk factors of AMI in Enshi Tujia minority area are hyperlipidemia, BMI and depression. The clinical symptoms are not typical. The delayed treatment time has not been promptly and effectively treated, which leads to the high complication rate and poor prognosis.