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本文提供了用有限元素法对瞬态及稳态温度场及应力场进行计算分析的方法及程序。用加权余数法直接对轴对称瞬态热传导方程求解,对空间域及时间域离散建立有限元表达式。 以现有某型发动机Ⅰ级涡轮盘为算例,计算了起动、慢车、最大、冷机和停车等各种工况下的温度场及应力场。由此得出应力最大部位与应力幅值最大的部位,而且两者并不在同一部位。而疲劳裂纹常常发生在槽底应力变化幅值最大的部位。
This article provides methods and procedures for the calculation and analysis of transient and steady-state temperature and stress fields using the finite element method. The weighted residual method is used to solve the axisymmetric transient heat conduction equation directly. The finite element expressions are established for the spatial and temporal discretization. Based on the first-class turbine disc of a certain type of engine, the temperature field and stress field under various operating conditions including starting, local cooling, maximum cooling, and parking are calculated. This leads to the maximum stress and stress amplitude of the site, and the two are not in the same place. Fatigue cracks often occur at the site where the stress at the bottom of the groove changes most.