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一体化正电子发射型计算机体层摄影术(PET)/MRI设备是PET/CT设备之后最先进的分子影像成像设备。文章简要介绍一体化PET/MRI设备基于磁共振的衰减校正(MRAC)技术的基本原理及临床上常用的利用MRI信号进行图像重建时PET数据的衰减校正方法,重点介绍最新的MRI超短回波时间(UTE)技术和零回波时间(ZTE)技术实现MRAC的精准定量化衰减校正方法 ,不仅可以提高PET的扫描速度,而且可以获得精准定量化的PET图像,从而大大提高图像质量。随着新的MRI序列的研制和序列的优化配合新算法和软件的使用,有可能促进PET衰减校正量化方法质的飞跃,成为辅助临床诊断和指导治疗决策的有力工具。
The integrated positron emission tomography (PET) / MRI equipment is the most advanced molecular imaging equipment behind PET / CT equipment. The article briefly introduces the basic principle of MRI-based attenuation correction (MRAC) technology of integrated PET / MRI equipment and the method of attenuation correction of PET data commonly used in clinical practice, which uses MRI signal to reconstruct the image. It focuses on the latest MRI ultra-short echo Time (UTE) technology and Zero Echo Time (ZTE) technology enable MRAC’s accurate and quantitative attenuation correction method, which not only increases the scanning speed of PET, but also provides accurate and quantified PET images with greatly improved image quality. With the development of new MRI sequences and optimization of sequences and the use of new algorithms and softwares, it is possible to promote the qualitative leap of quantification of PET attenuation correction and become a powerful tool to assist in clinical diagnosis and treatment decision-making.