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杨向奎教授作为著名的历史学家,多年来运用哲学理论潜心研究自然科学中的某些重要理论问题,取得了一系列重要成果.本文就是其中之一.现予发表,以飨读者.本文指出,海森堡的量子力学是波粒二重性,并提出测不准原理.这本来是试验技术问题,提高到认识论的水平,再加上玻尔的互补原理,遂构成哥本哈根学派的核心思想.但同时期的大物理学家爱因斯坦不同意他们的理论,即使是量子力学大家薛廷谔也不同意.事情虽然过去了几十年,但影响至今犹在.作者在不同的争论中选择了波粒双重性理论,并试用新的数学表达式,使这已经成为“经典力学”的学说更加活跃起来.在这个数学表达式中,本文也用了矩阵代数,并认为,在“二元合成”(波粒)的元素中,用矩阵方式也许是适宜的.
Professor Yang Xiangkui, as a famous historian, has devoted himself to studying some important theoretical issues in the natural sciences over the years and has made a series of important achievements. This article is one of them and is published today in order to readers. Heisenberg’s quantum mechanics is wave-particle duality, and proposed the principle of uncertainty, which was originally a matter of experimental technology and raised to the level of epistemology, together with Bohr’s principle of complementarity, thus constituting the core idea of the Copenhagen School. Period physicist Einstein did not agree with their theory, even the quantum mechanics XUE Ting-ting did not agree that although things have been going on for decades, but the impact so far still remains in the controversy of the author chose the wave of duality Theory, and try out new mathematical expressions to make this theory, which has become “classical mechanics”, more active.In this mathematical expression, we also use matrix algebra and believe that in the “binary synthesis” ) Elements, the matrix may be appropriate.