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药物可经多种途径排出体外,包括尿、胆汁、粪、肺和皮肤,由于存在肠肝循环,当药物经肠道代谢或排泌时,胆道排泌对药物的药动学有特殊的影响。在人体,某些化合物被肝脏提取并经胆道排泌是一种高效率过程,而胆汁在某些药物的消除中起着重要作用。有关胆道排泌的知识促进了一系列敏感的肝功能试验的发展,如磺溴酞(BSP)试验、靛蓝花青绿(ICG)、玫瑰红试验,以及采用不透光染料作胆囊功能检查。
Drugs can be excreted in vitro, including urine, bile, manure, lungs, and skin, in a variety of ways. Due to the presence of enterohepatic circulation, biliary excretion has a special effect on the pharmacokinetics of drugs as they are metabolized or excreted by the gut . In the human body, certain compounds are extracted by the liver and biliary excretion is a high efficiency process, and bile in the elimination of certain drugs plays an important role. Knowledge about biliary excretion has facilitated the development of a series of sensitive liver function tests such as sulphurbromide (BSP), indocyanine green (ICG), rose bengal tests, and gallbladder function tests using opaque dyes.