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目的探讨汉中市农村地区脑卒中患病危险因素,提出有效的防控措施,为脑卒中的防治和干预提供科学依据。方法采用随机整群抽样方法从汉中市180个乡镇中抽取两个乡镇,以该两个乡镇中40岁及以上常住居民为研究对象,进行问卷调查、体格检查,比较不同心脑血管疾病危险因素下脑卒中的患病率,运用Logistic回归模型和穷举卡方自动交互法(exhaustive Chi-squared automatic interavtion detector,Exhaustive CHAID)分类树模型分别对脑卒中高危人群患病影响因素进行分析。结果本次共调查23 688位居民,其中明确脑卒中者283例(1 195/10万)。Logistic回归分析结果显示,50岁后脑卒中高发,70~79岁脑卒中患病人数最多,男性、高血压、心脏病、明显超重、血脂异常、脑卒中家族史、缺乏体育锻炼、吸烟、饮酒可增加脑卒中患病的风险。Exhaustive CHAID所建立的分类树模型共包括三层12个节点,共筛选出5个解释变量;重要性积分排在前三位的分别是脑卒中家族史、吸烟和高血压。结论在对脑卒中采取综合干预措施的同时,还应对高危人群采取不同的防治措施。
Objective To explore the risk factors of stroke in rural areas of Hanzhong city and to put forward effective prevention and control measures to provide a scientific basis for the prevention and intervention of stroke. Methods A random cluster sampling method was used to extract two townships from 180 towns and villages in Hanzhong City. The permanent residents 40 years old and above in the two townships were investigated. Questionnaires and physical examinations were conducted to compare the risk factors of different cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases The prevalence of stroke was calculated by Logistic regression model and exhaustive Chi-squared automatic interactor detector (Exhaustive CHAID) classification tree model. Results A total of 23 688 residents were surveyed, of which 283 (19.51 million) were identified as stroke. Logistic regression analysis showed that the incidence of stroke was highest after 50 years of age with the highest prevalence of stroke in 70-79 years old. The incidence of stroke was significantly higher in men with hypertension, heart disease, obesity, dyslipidemia, family history of stroke, lack of physical exercise, smoking, drinking Increase the risk of stroke. The classification tree model built by Exhaustive CHAID consists of three layers and 12 nodes, and a total of five explanatory variables are screened out. The top three of the importance scores are the family history of stroke, smoking and hypertension. Conclusions While adopting comprehensive interventions for stroke, different prevention and treatment measures should be taken for those at high risk.