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五十年前的甲申年——1944年,郭老发表了《甲申三百年祭》;再上溯三百年前的甲申年——1644年,李自成领导的农民军打入北京.这两件事都是值得纪念的.李自成打下北京,推翻了明王朝,完成了农民战争的历史使命——改朝换代.也就推动了历史的进步.李自成的事业是成功的,他个人及其大顺朝的悲剧,就微不足道了.何况,作为一个农民革命领袖与抗清英雄的结局,较之一位老死床褥的开国君主,历史光圈自然要辉煌得多.清兵入关,历史也并未堕入黑暗.且不说标志着经济文化有所发展的康乾盛世,以及在学术上做出贡献的乾嘉学派,单是形成了巩固的统一的多民族国家,就是历代所不及的.历史前进的步伐并未中断.至于清后期的落后挨打,原因很复杂,不能归罪于清兵入关.所以.明末农民战争的结果是胜利,是成功.至于改朝换代以后,是建立大顺朝或大清朝,由姓李的当皇帝或者换做爱新觉罗氏,那已不是实质问题了.
Fifty years ago, in 1964, Guo Lao published the “300th Anniversary of Jiaxu”; and then went back to Jiaxunian three hundred years ago - in 1644, the peasant army led by Li Zicheng broke into Beijing. Both of them are worthy of commemoration.Li Zicheng laid Beijing, overthrew the Ming dynasty, completed the historical mission of the peasant war - to change the dynasty.It also promoted the historical progress.Li Zicheng’s career is successful, he and his individual Shun tragedies, on the trivial. Moreover, as a peasant revolutionary leader and anti-Qing hero’s ending, compared to the founding monarch of an old dead mattress, the natural history of aura to much more brilliant. Not to fall into darkness, not to mention the prosperous Kang and Qian, which marked the development of economy and culture, and the Qianghua school that made academic contributions, just formed a consolidated and unified multinational nation that has never been seen in ancient times. The pace of historical progress has not been interrupted.As for the backward beatings in the late Qing Dynasty, the reasons are complex and can not be blamed on the entry of Qing soldiers.Therefore, the outcome of the peasant war in the late Ming and the victory is a success.As for the dynasty, Or the Qing Dynasty, when the last name of Lee Emperor or for doing Aixinjueluo, that is not the essence of the problem.