20世纪50年代以来,国外学者在现代化思潮的影响下,十分注重研究近现代中国的社会变迁和发展,尤其是中国文化传统与现代化之间的关系问题。综观40多年来的研究情况,我们可以作出这样的概括:在50一60年代,西方学者大多倾向于把中国的传统社会视为一个缺少变化的、稳定的或平衡的社会,即使有变化,也只是“在传统内的变迁”;中国的文化传统与现代化是截然对立、互 Since the 1950s, under the influence of the trend of modernization, foreign scholars have paid great attention to the study of the social changes and development in modern China, especially the relationship between Chinese cultural traditions and modernization. Looking at more than 40 years of research, we can make the following generalizations: During the 1950s and 1960s, most western scholars tended to regard China’s traditional society as a society lacking change, stability or balance. Even with changes, Only “changes within the tradition.” China’s cultural traditions and modernization are diametrically opposed to each other