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目的:蹦床运动是一种体操形式,在过去10年日渐受到欢迎。由于蹦床训练/比赛与骨发育同时发生,所以可能对骨健康有重要影响。然而,关于竞技蹦床运动员的骨密度、微架结构和骨强度尚无相关研究。因此,本项横断面研究旨在探索参与蹦床运动与年轻成年女性的骨密度、面积、骨架结构,与骨强度预估值及肌肉和冲击负荷的作用之间的关系。方法:本研究招募了29位16-29岁女性参与者(14位蹦床运动员;15位对照组人员)。利用双能X线骨密度仪(DXA)、高分辨率CT测量(HR-pQCT)和有限元分析(FEA)测量骨骼参数,用测力计测量肌力。结果:相比对照组,蹦床运动员髋关节和脊柱的骨密度更高、胫骨的骨小梁密度更大且更厚,桡骨和胫骨也更大(p<0.05)。蹦床运动员下肢力量显著大于对照组,但上肢力量无显著差异。FEA测量的桡骨与胫骨骨强度预估值,蹦床运动员高于对照组。结论:本研究首次采用HR-p QCT研究女性蹦床运动员骨密度、面积及微架结构,发现蹦床运动员的骨密度、面积、微架结构和骨强度估算值均高于对照组。
Purpose: Trampoline is a form of gymnastics and has gained increasing popularity over the past decade. Because trampoline training / competition occurs simultaneously with bone development, it may have a significant impact on bone health. However, there are no studies on the bone mineral density, microstructure and bone strength of competitive trampoline athletes. Therefore, this cross-sectional study sought to explore the relationship between BMD, area, skeletal structure, estimated bone strength, and muscle and shock loading in trampoline and young adult women. METHODS: This study recruited 29 female participants aged 16-29 (14 trampoline athletes and 15 control subjects). Bone parameters were measured using dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA), high-resolution CT measurement (HR-pQCT) and finite element analysis (FEA), and muscle force was measured with a dynamometer. RESULTS: Bone trampoline players had higher hip and spine BMD compared to controls, with tibial trabecular density greater and thicker, and greater radius and tibia (p <0.05). Trampoline athletes lower limb strength was significantly greater than the control group, but no significant difference in upper limb strength. FEA measured radial and tibial bone strength estimates, trampoline athletes than the control group. CONCLUSIONS: For the first time, HR-p QCT was used to study the bone mineral density, area and micro-structure of female trampoline athletes. The BMD, area, micro-structure and bone strength of trampoline athletes were all higher than those of the control group.