心房颤动的复律可以通过使用抗心律失常药物、电复律以及射频导管消融,在维持窦性心律方面射频导管消融则更为有效.目前,心房颤动射频导管消融术治疗仍存在较大争议.虽然肺静脉隔离是心房颤动消融的基础,但为了提高窦性心律的维持,其他消融靶点也在评估当中,尤其是对于慢性心房颤动患者.以前广泛的消融策略已用于持续性心房颤动患者,最近的一项试验显示,不增加其他部位消融的单纯肺静脉隔离术效果与更广泛消融的结果类似,这提示需要开发新的消融策略以提高窦性心律的维持率.“,”Cardioversion of atrial fibrillation ( AF) can be achieved by anti-arrhythmic drugs,electrical cardioversion and catheter ablation.Catheter ablation of AF is more effective at maintaining sinus rhythm.At present,there is still a great debate about the surgical treatment of atrial fibrillation catheter ablation.Although pulmonary vein isolation ( PVI) is the basis of atrial fibrillation ablation , other ablation targets are being evaluated to improve sinus rhythm maintenance , especially in patients with chronic forms of AF.Previously, extensive ablation strategies have been used for patients with persistent AF.however,a recent trial has shown that pulmonary vein isolation without additional ablation lesions is associated with outcomes similar to those of more extensive ablation .This suggests that we need to develop new ablation strategies to improve the maintenance rate of sinus rhythm.