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本文分析了堤坝地基应力场(天然地基的自重力和堤坝荷载对地基产生的附加应力两部分组成)的特点及影响堤坝地基应力场的基本因素。认为在堤坝地基附加应力场的主要影响范围内的土层、土夹砂层、具有胶结性的砂层和级配良好的中、细砂层是能够实现定向劈裂的,而对于砾、卵石层、级配不好的粗砂层或防渗深度超过堤坝地基应力场主要影响范围以外的防渗问题则不宜采用。并对实现堤坝地基定向劈裂的必要条件(钻孔的起裂压力、裂缝扩展压力、浆液的劈裂压力、砂层地基劈裂的有效应力分析)及其规律性进行了论证。
This paper analyzes the characteristics of the stress field of embankment foundation (the self-gravity of natural foundation and the additional stress of embankment load on foundation) and the basic factors that affect the stress field of embankment. It is considered that the soil layers, soil sand layers, cemented sand layers and well-graded medium and fine sand layers within the main influence area of the additional stress field of the foundation of the dams are capable of directional splitting, while for gravel, pebbles Layer, poor grading coarse sand layer or impermeable depth than the dam foundation stress field outside the main impact of anti-seepage problems should not be used. The necessary conditions for the directional splitting of embankment foundation (the initiation pressure of fracture, the crack propagation pressure, the splitting pressure of slurry and the effective stress analysis of sand foundation cracking) and its regularity are demonstrated.