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目的:以三角叶黄连Coptis deltoidea繁育系统研究为基础,结合混合芽、匍匐茎及花粉粒的形态,探索其在开花正常情况下不能形成种子的原因和同时并存的无性繁殖特征,为恢复雅连栽培生产奠定基础。方法:用传粉生物学方法对其进行开花动态观察和杂交指数的估算,用Motic BA200显微镜观察混合芽和匍匐茎的细胞结构,用S-450扫描电镜观察花粉粒的形态,并与黄连C.chinensis进行比较。结果:三角叶黄连开花正常,繁育系统为兼性异交,能形成果实,但无种子;雄蕊数、雌蕊数、胚珠数、花粉粒数、胚珠比等与黄连比较无统计学差异;但三角叶黄连花粉粒发育异常,绝大部分凹陷,纹理不清晰或破损,不能萌发;其混合芽下侧芽在芽苞期已形成,匍匐茎(无性繁殖枝)中柱鞘纤维呈帽状的几乎连续的环带。结论:三角叶黄连花粉粒发育异常可能是其不能形成种子的主要原因,而侧芽在顶芽芽苞期形成并发育为匍匐茎是其无性繁殖的特征,匍匐茎的中柱鞘几乎呈环状排列是适应无性繁殖的次生性状。
OBJECTIVE: Based on the study of breeding system of Coptis deltoidea, the reasons for the formation of seedless hybrids, stolons and pollen grains under mixed flowering conditions were studied. In order to restore the reproductive capacity of Coptis deltoidea, Production laid the foundation. Methods: Pollen biology and flow cytometry were used to observe the flowering dynamics and hybridization index. The cell structure of mixed buds and stolons was observed with Motic BA200 microscope. The morphology of pollen grains was observed with S-450 scanning electron microscope and compared with C. chinensis Compare. Results: The Coptis chinensis had a normal flowering and the breeding system was facultative heterosis. The fruit could be formed but no seed was found. There was no significant difference in the number of stamen, pistil, ovule, pollen grains, Leaves of Coptis pollen grains developed abnormalities, the vast majority of sags, the texture is not clear or damaged, can not germinate; Bud under the hybrid bud has formed at the bud phase, stolons (asexual branch) in the capillaries almost cap-like continuous fiber Belt. CONCLUSION: The abnormal development of pollen grains of Coptis chinensis may be the main reason for its inability to form seeds. However, the formation and development of lateral buds at the budding stage of the top buds is characterized by vegetative propagation. The stolons are almost cyclically arranged in the ring Adapt to the secondary trait of asexual reproduction.