1955年Alwall等首先报道了因行尿路造影,注射造影剂后导致肾功衰竭的造影剂肾病。此后,随着1968年《N.Engl.J.Med.》等杂志的报告,对该病的认识逐步提高。1978年Swartz等报道了血管造影后肾损害是导致肾功衰竭的危险因子,认识到造影剂是导致院内发病的肾功衰竭的原因之一。此后 In 1955, Alwall et al. First reported contrast agent nephropathy caused by renal angiography and renal failure after injection of contrast agent. Since then, with the 1968 “N.Engl.J.Med.” Magazine and other reports, the awareness of the disease gradually increased. In 1978, Swartz et al. Reported that renal damage after angiography is a risk factor for renal failure and that contrast agents are one of the causes of hospital-acquired renal failure. After that