70年代与80年代之交,凯恩斯理论和以其为基础的宏观经济政策经受了严重的考验。“福利国家”构想,即以社会优先为基础和依靠相当数量的国营部门、日益增加的有利于国家的国民收入再分配规模、详细规定私营部门活动规则的广泛的国家经济调节构想,也经历了危机。尽管批评者对其进行了种种攻击、修正和革新,但凯恩斯学派还是制定了一个范畴和相互关系、反应和效果体系;如果没有这种体系,未必可以想像有今天的西方经济理论。凯恩斯主义不是一般的保卫国营部门和国家干预,而是一种特殊的经济调节构想。它首 At the turn of the 1970s and 1980s, the Keynesian theory and macroeconomic policies based on it had withstood severe tests. The idea of ​​a “welfare state” is based on social priorities and relying on a considerable number of state-run sectors, increasing the size of the redistribution of national income in favor of the state, and setting out a broad concept of national economic regulation that details the rules governing the activities of the private sector as well Have experienced a crisis. Despite critics' attacks, revisions and innovations, the Keynesian school formulated a system of categories and relationships, reactions and effects; without such a system, it is not always possible to imagine today's Western economic theory. Keynesianism is not a general safeguard of the state sector and state intervention, but a special concept of economic adjustment. It's the first