目的:探讨肺结核合并肺癌的临床和影像学特点,提高诊断水平。方法:回顾性分析40例肺结核合并肺癌患者的临床和影像学资料,并与X线分型相同的40例肺结核患者加以对照研究。结果:40例中,两病发生在同侧同叶者32例(66.7%)。刺激性干咳、消瘦多于对照组(P<0.01),病灶的形态如肿块影、分叶毛刺征;病灶与周围的病变如阻塞性肺炎、肺不张、胸膜凹陷征,与对照组相比,有显著特异性(P<0.01)。结论:肺结核合并肺癌现象并不少见,对于陈旧性或进展期肺结核,临床症状加重,影像学异常变化,抗结核治疗不满意,应高度怀疑肺结核合并肺癌可能,及时行相关辅助检查提高诊断水平。 Objective: To investigate the clinical and imaging characteristics of pulmonary tuberculosis complicated with lung cancer and to improve the diagnostic level. Methods: The clinical and radiographic data of 40 patients with pulmonary tuberculosis complicated with lung cancer were retrospectively analyzed. Forty pulmonary tuberculosis patients with the same type of X-ray were compared. Results: Of the 40 cases, 32 cases (66.7%) occurred in the same ipsilateral and the same lobe. Irritable dry cough, weight loss more than the control group (P <0.01), the lesion morphology such as mass shadow, leaf burr levy; lesion and surrounding lesions such as obstructive pneumonia, atelectasis, pleural indentation compared with the control group , There was significant specificity (P <0.01). Conclusions: It is not uncommon for pulmonary tuberculosis complicated with lung cancer. For old or advanced pulmonary tuberculosis, the clinical symptoms are aggravated, the abnormal imaging changes and the anti-tuberculosis treatment are not satisfied. Therefore, the possibility of pulmonary tuberculosis complicated with lung cancer should be highly suspected.