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汉语方言的语音描写需要完善,文章以16号元音[■]为例作了一些探讨。1)分析了IPAHELP中的发音样本[■]以及在整个元音系统中的格局,总结了[■]的主要特点。2)选取9个方言音系中记录为[■]的元音,用Praat标注、提取共振峰数据并作声学元音图,发现与IPA-HELP的声音样本[■]较为接近的是海南乌烈军话、武汉话、西宁话、西安话以及合肥话中的[■],而银川话、兰州话、汕头话、南京话音系中的[■]离IPA-HELP的声音样本[■]较远。这一点我们从相应的录音中也能凭耳朵感知到。3)如何处理汉语方言记音中的实际语音描写、记录和音标符号的匹配?作者认为在尊重传统的条件下提供较为可靠的语音学描写和实验分析。
The phonetic description of Chinese dialects needs improvement. The article makes some discussions with the example of vowel number 16 [■]. 1) An analysis of pronunciation samples in IPAHELP [■] and patterns in the entire vowel system summarizes the main features of [■]. 2) Select the vowel recorded as [■] in nine dialects, use the Praat label to extract the formant data and make the acoustic vowel pattern, and find that the sound sample [■] closer to the IPA-HELP sound sample is [■] in Lieyang, Wuhan, Xining, Xi’an, and Hefei dialects [■], whereas [■] in IPTV-HELP in Yinchuan dialect, Lanzhou dialect, Shantou dialect, Nanjing dialect [ far. This we can from the corresponding recording can also be perceived by the ear. 3) How to deal with the actual phonetic description, recording and phonetic symbol matching in Chinese dialects? The author believes that it provides more reliable phonetic description and experimental analysis under the condition of respecting tradition.