一、前言过去运送铁水大都采用铁水包台车由高炉运至炼钢现场贮存于混铁炉供炼钢炉使用。近来大多不用这种运送方式,而改用铁水车,即由高炉把铁水直接装进铁水车,而不用混铁炉。铁水车如图1所示,作成两端为圆锥形的圆柱形炉体,并在圆柱形炉体中央上方开有炉口,与上方完全敞开的铁水车相比,保温性能好,重心低,因此容量较大。采用铁水车可使铁水的运输和使用更加合理。欧美各国早已采用这种方式,日本亦多采用这种 I. Foreword In the past, most hot metal ladle trucks were transported from blast furnaces to steelmaking sites for storage in mixed furnaces for steelmaking furnaces. Most recently do not use this mode of transport, and switch to the hot metal car, that is, directly from the blast furnace hot metal into the hot metal, without mixing furnace. As shown in Fig. 1, a hot metal watermill is made into a cylindrical furnace body with a conical shape at both ends and a furnace mouth above the center of the cylindrical furnace body. Compared with a fully open hot metal mill above, the thermal insulation performance is good and the center of gravity is low, Therefore, larger capacity. The use of hot metal can make the transport and use of hot metal more reasonable. Europe and the United States have long adopted this approach, Japan has also adopted this