向心加速度既是匀速圆周运动问题的重要概念,也是中学物理教学中的一个难点;重要在于这部分知识不仅在研究天体运动、宏观物体运动时要用到,而且在讲述回旋加速器、质谱仪等近代物理知识方面也要用到。难点在于向心加速度是仅由速度方向变化而产生的。尽管速度的大小不变,速度方向变化引起的速度变化量△v=v_2-v_1却不为0,不但有大小,而且有方向。对此,学生难于想象。因为对于高中一年级学生来说,由于刚接触矢量,对矢量的含义理解不深刻,他们对量度速度变化量的矢量差△v更是缺乏认识。总认为,由于速度大小的改变,会产生加速度 a 是可理解的,而对速度的 The centripetal acceleration is not only an important concept of the uniform circular motion problem, but also a difficult point in middle school physics teaching. The important point is that this part of knowledge is not only used when studying celestial movements and macroscopic objects, but also about modern cyclotrons, mass spectrometers, etc. Physical knowledge should also be used. The difficulty is that the centripetal acceleration is caused only by the change of the speed direction. Although the magnitude of the velocity is constant, the velocity variation Δv=v_2-v_1 caused by the change of the velocity direction is not 0, not only has the size, but also has direction. In this regard, students are hard to imagine. Because for the first-year senior high school students, because of the new vector, the meaning of the vector is not very deep, and they are less aware of the vector difference Δv of the measurement speed variation. It is always believed that due to the change of the speed, the acceleration a will be understandable, but the speed