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政府、宗教、公民社会代表举行三次专题讨论
Education was a primary tool for building the culture of peace， and the United Nations had rightly placed it at the forefront to that end， speakers said today as the General Assembly held a high-level forum on that topic.
今天联合国大会就建设和平文化举行了一个高水平的论坛，演讲者说：
教育是建设和平文化的一个主要工具，为此联合国已经明智地走在了前列。
Assembly President Vuk Jeremi? （Serbia） recalled that the 193-nation body had adopted the Programme of Action on a Culture of Peace 14 years ago， noting that Member States “rightly chose to put education first on the list of necessary actions， inspired by Mahatma Gandhi’s statement that ‘if we are to carry on a real war against war， we shall have to begin with the children.’”.
大会主席武克·耶雷米奇（塞尔维亚）在回顾中说：14年前193个国家通过了《和平文化行动纲领》，成员国做出了正确的选择，把教育放在了必要行动的首位，正如圣雄·甘地鼓舞我们所言，“如果我们要与战争真正抗衡，那么我们必须先从孩子开始。”
The Assembly President went on to emphasize that children — in the classroom and at home， through the books they read and the web pages they browsed — must learn to act with tolerance and understanding of others， forswearing violence. They must learn more about equality of opportunity and social justice； human dignity and rights； love of one’s neighbour and compassion for the most vulnerable.
大会主席接着强调无论孩子是在课堂上还是在家里，无论阅读什么样的书籍，浏览什么样的网页，他们必须学会对他人的宽容与理解，誓绝暴力。他们必须进一步了解机会平等和社会正义，人的尊严和权利，热爱邻人，同情最弱势群体。
Deputy Secretary-General Jan Eliasson described the present time as a moment in history when a culture of peace — not merely the absence of war， but a fully formed culture of peace — was needed for people around the world to pull together as a single human family and meet shared challenges. He noted that Secretary-General’s Global Education First Initiative focused not only on giving children an education， but also on global citizenship rooted in solidarity and mutual understanding. “The goal of building a culture of peace permeates the work of the United Nations，” he added.
副秘书长埃利亚松形容当下为历史性时刻，全世界的人们需要一种和平文化，不仅仅是指没有战争，而是完全成形的和平文化，人们像一个人类家庭一样齐心协力，接受共同的挑战。他指出秘书长对于全球教育的首个倡议注重的不仅是给孩子提供教育，还有根源于团结一致、相互理解的世界公民意识。他补充说：“建设和平文化的目标渗透在联合国的所有工作中。”
Following those opening remarks， Patriarch Irinej of Serbia emphasized the importance of faith in God， saying that “without such spirituality， war is unavoidable， even if the world is to be inhabited by only two human beings， even as two born brothers， like it once was with Cain and Abel.” A culture of peace was incompatible with the cult of selfishness and with the “absolutization of egotistic interests”， he emphasized. 这些开幕致辞之后，塞尔维亚主教爱任纽强调了对上帝信仰的重要性，他说：“没有这种灵性，战争是不可避免的，即使这个世界只有两个人居住，两人还是亲生兄弟，就像是圣经中的该隐和亚伯。”他还强调和平文化与对自私自利的狂热、“自高自大的绝对化”水火不相容。
Sayyid M. Syeed， National Director in the Office for Interfaith and Community Alliances of the Islamic Society of North America， outlined how different religions could work together， recalling that churches in the United States had invited newly-arrived Muslims in the 1950s and 60s to use their facilities for their Friday prayers and other events. The question for those Muslims had been how to relate with the large number of Jewish Americans and how to overcome the “elephant in the room” — the Israel-Palestine conflict. Coming together， the two communities had created the Children of Abraham project in order jointly to fight anti-Semitism and Islamophobia in the United States， he said.
北美伊斯兰协会宗教和社区联盟办公室国家主任赛义德·西德概述了不同的地区如何一起工作。他回忆道，在二十世纪五六十年代美国的教会曾邀请新到的穆斯林人员使用教会的设备来举行他们的星期五祈祷和其它事件。那些穆斯林人的问题是如何与众多的犹太裔美国人联系，如何克服“房间里的大象”——巴以冲突的问题。这两个族群共同创造了阿伯拉罕子孙项目，以便联合起来与在美国的反犹太主义和伊斯兰恐惧症进行斗争。
Dipu Moni， Minister for Foreign Affairs of Bangladesh， stressed that “peace is not just the mere absence of war”， pointing out that many countries around the world suffered discrimination， terrorism， human rights violations， abject poverty and other major challenges. Bangladesh had brought the draft resolution on a Culture of Peace to the General Assembly in 1997. Having firmly upheld the concept during its fight for achievement， it celebrated the festivals of all four of its major religions and was a rare example of a State that had resolved disputes with its neighbours.
孟加拉国外交事务部部长迪普·穆尼强调“和平不仅仅是没有战争”，还指出全世界许多国家遭受着歧视、恐怖主义、人权侵犯、赤贫和其它重要挑战。在1997年孟加拉国曾向联合国大会提交过关于和平文化的提案。在为和平文化努力的过程中，孟加拉国坚定地拥护此观念，庆祝了四大主要宗教的节日，这是一个国家解决与邻国纠纷的罕见范例。
Anwarul Chowdhury， Chair of the General Assembly drafting committee for the United Nations Declaration and Programme of Action on Culture of Peace （1998-1999）， spoke on behalf of civil society and The Global Movement for The Culture of Peace， noting that the power of non-violence had been demonstrated by the sacrifices of Mahatma Gandhi and Martin Luther King， Jr. With ever-expanding militarism a cause for concern today， the approach of Daisaku Ikeda， the living apostle of peace — the positive， active pursuit of peace， as opposed to “passive peace” — was inspiring to millions， he said， underlining also the role of women in making peace. “Without peace， development is impossible， and without women， neither peace nor development is possible，” he said. 《联合国和平文化行动宣言和纲领》（1998-1999）起草委员会主席乔杜里代表公民社会和和平文化世界运动发表重要讲话，指出圣雄·甘地和马丁·路德·金的牺牲证明了非暴力的强大。同时，他还强调了在创造和平的过程中妇女角色的重要性。他说，“没有和平，发展就没有可能；没有妇女，发展与和平都没有可能。”
Elie Abadie， M.D.， Rabbi of the Edmond J. Safra Synagogue in New York City， said that from the outset， the idea of a culture of peace had consisted of values， attitudes and behaviours that rejected violence. Unfortunately， the world was still witnessing wars among and within nations. In Jewish tradition， one of God’s names was Shalom， meaning “peace”， he noted. “Love thy neighbour as thyself，” he continued， adding that religions must pride themselves on the level of their adherents’ tolerance and understanding of others.
纽约市埃德蒙萨弗拉犹太教会堂教士、医学博士埃利·阿巴迪说：从一开始，和平文化的概念就由反对暴力的价值观，态度和行为构成。不幸的是，世界上国家内部或国与国之间仍在发生着战争。在犹太人的传统里，上帝的一个名字是“Shalom”，意思就是“和平”，“爱你的邻人就像爱你自己一样。”他补充说：宗教的信仰者必须以他们对待他人的宽容与理解而骄傲自豪。
Today’s forum also featured three panel discussions， the first titled “The Role of Interfaith Cooperation in Promoting a Global Culture of Peace”； the second “The Culture of Peace as the Agenda for a New Global Civilization： Where are we now？”； and the third， “Strategy for Advancing the Implementation of the UN Programme of Action on Culture of Peace： What are needed？”.
今天的论坛还包括三组专题讨论，第一个专题为“多种信仰合作在促进全球和平文化中的作用”，第二个专题为“和平文化是新世界文明的议程：现在我们身在何处？”，第三个专题为“促进联合国和平文化行动纲领实施策略：我们需要什么？”
Background
背景
The General Assembly met this morning to hold its High-Level Forum on the Culture of Peace， as requested by resolution 67/106 （2012） on “Follow-up to the Declaration and Programme of Action on a Culture of Peace”.
按照（2012）67/106号决议“落实和平文化行动宣言和纲领”的要求，联合国大会于今早举行了此次和平文化高水平论坛。
Panel Discussion I
专题讨论1
John O. Voll， Georgetown University Professor， moderated the first panel discussion， which also featured the following panellists： Katherine R. Henderson， President， Auburn Seminary； Matthew Hodes， Director， United Nations Alliance of Civilizations； William F. Vendley， Secretary General， Religions for Peace； and Hüseyin Hurmali， Chief Administrative Officer， Journalists and Writers Foundation.
乔治城大学教授约翰·维尔主持了第一个专题讨论，参加者为：奥本神学院主席卡瑟琳·亨德森；联合国文明联盟主任马修·霍兹；世界宗教和平会议秘书长威廉·万德利；记者及作家基金会政务主任侯赛因·何马利。
The Moderator cited Albert Einstein to the effect that “the world is a dangerous place to live， not because of the people who are evil， but because of the people who don’t do anything about it.” He then introduced the panellists as “those who are doing something about it”. 主持人引用了阿尔伯特·爱因斯坦的话作为开场白，意思是：“这个世界不安全，并非是因为人类的邪恶，而是因为人类不采取行动。”他称与会人为“正在采取行动的人”。
Ms. HENDERSON said her 200-year-old seminary promoted deep， multifaceted engagement for the sake of justice. “There is no peace without justice，” she said， clarifying the purpose of engagement and cooperation. She also stressed the need for religious communities to address poverty and other ills， saying partnership was vital to the attainment of those objectives. While partners may not follow the same creeds or texts， they had a similar vision. Noting that her institution had been trying to foster a new generation of youth leaders over the past 12 years， she said old-school Christian ministers had known only their own creeds， but today’s religious leaders must know the creeds of other faiths as well. In conclusion， she stressed the importance of realizing the interdependence that connected people to each other.
亨德森女士说她的有200年历史的神学院努力践行维护正义的深刻的多层面的诺言。她说：“没有正义就没有和平。”这句话阐明了诺言和合作的目的。她还强调了宗教社团解决贫困及其它不幸的必要性，她表示合作对于实现这些目标是至关重要的。虽然合作者可能没有同样的教义，但是他们拥有相似的愿景。她说：神学院在过去12年一直在努力培养新一代的年轻领导人，到老式学校的基督教牧师只知道他们自己的教义，但是如今的宗教领导人还必须知道其它信仰的教义。她最后强调了人与人之间相互依赖的重要性。
Mr. HODES said organized religions promoted tolerance， life， compassion and forgiveness， among other shared values that were vital to conflict prevention and reconciliation. But religion could be toxic as well， he emphasized， citing the former Yugoslavia， where members of the clergy had fed conflict. In Pakistan and Nigeria， girls had been killed and children burned because of sectarian divisions， he noted. On the other hand， religion could be used for peace， he said， recalling that religious mediators had helped to end 15 years of civil war in Mozambique. Interfaith dialogue was a primary tool， if not a panacea， for building a culture of peace， he said， declaring in conclusion： “Failure to talk is a guarantee of failure.”
霍兹先生表示有组织的宗教有助于宣传宽容、生存、同情和谅解的价值观，这些价值观对冲突的预防和调解具有至关重要性。但是他强调宗教也有有害的，例如在前南斯拉夫，牧师间产生了冲突，在巴基斯坦和尼日利亚，因为教派冲突，女童被杀，孩子被烧。他说：另外一方面宗教也可以促进和平。他回忆起宗教协调者曾帮助结束了长达十五年的莫桑比克内战。建设和平文化，宗教对话是一个重要工具，但并不是万能的。最后他总结道：“宗教间不能好好对话，那必然不利于和平。”
Mr. VENDLEY raised the question： “How can the religions contribute to the culture of peace？” People talked about inalienable rights but were “rather mute” about the basis for those rights. The world’s religions， however， were looking into themselves for justifications. Emphasizing that there could be no culture of peace without virtuous people， he described virtues as habits of tolerance， compassion， empathy and love that must be cultivated. No matter the importance of material prosperity， people must look into remarkable human virtues to achieve a culture of peace， and that was where religions could help， as they were great schools of virtue， he said. Although religions had different doctrines， they could still have shared values or care. “Care calls us to act； shared care calls us to act together”， he said， stressing that religious communities could work together in coping with common human problems. 万德利先生问道：“宗教怎样才能有助于和平文化？”人们谈论不可让与的权利，但是对这些权利的根本却“宁愿默不做声”。他把美德描述为必须养成的宽容、同情和爱的习惯，没有美德的人类，就没有和平文化。不管物质繁荣多么重要，实现和平文化，人们必须拥有卓越的人类美德，这就是宗教可以发挥作用的地方，因为他们是美德的最好的学校。虽然宗教有不同的教义，但是他们拥有共同的价值观与关切。他说：“关切号召我们行动，共同的关切号召我们一起行动。”他强调宗教社区应该团结起来处理共同的人类问题。
Mr. HURMALI quoted the United Nations Educational， Scientific and Cultural Organization Director-General： “Peace is more than the absence of war， it is living together with our differences — of sex， race， language， religion or culture.” In order to be effective in promoting the culture of peace， interfaith dialogue initiatives should not be designed and implemented only in post-conflict regions， but should be part of everyday life in all countries. Very peaceful societies could some day turn very violent due to clashes between religious and ethnic groups， he cautioned， adding that all initiatives that advanced a culture of peace should be established and promoted in all nations to prevent future conflicts. Describing ignorance as one of the biggest enemies of peace， he emphasized that political， economic and legal regulations for sustainable peace could never have a lasting effect if people were not educated on universally accepted values such as human rights， freedom of expression， equal opportunity， peaceful coexistence and， above all， “wishing for others what one wishes for him- or her-self”.
何马利先生引用了联合国科教文组织秘书长的话：“和平不仅仅是没有战争，和平与我们的性、种族、语言、宗教或文化差异共存。”为了更有效地促进和平文化，宗教对话不应该在发生冲突后的地域内进行，而应成为所有国家日常生活中的一部分。由于宗教与种族团体之间的冲突，非常和平的社会也会变得非常暴力。为避免未来的冲突，所有国家应该建立并促进和平文化。他将愚昧描述为和平最大的敌人之一，强调如果人们没有受到普遍价值观，如人权、言论自由、机会平等、和平共处及最重要的，“像为自己考虑一样为他人考虑”等价值观的教育，那么可持续和平的政治、经济和法律制度都不会有长远的效果。
Following those presentations， the representative of Saudi Arabia stressed the need for a mechanism to implement the Declaration and Programme of Action on a Culture of Peace. He said a centre for international dialogue had been established in his country to promote a culture of peace， and the Government had invested in the establishment of an international centre to fight terrorism and extremism.
这些演讲之后，沙特阿拉伯的代表强调，需要一种机制来实施《和平文化行动宣言和纲领》。他说他的国家已经建立国际对话中心以促进和平文化，政府已投资建设这个国际中心来打击恐怖主义和极端主义。
Panel Discussion II
小组讨论2
U. Joy Ogwu， Permanent Representative of Nigeria to the United Nations， moderated the second panel discussion and introduced the following panellists： Abul Kalam Azad， Minister for Cultural Affairs， Bangladesh； Lakshmi Puri， Deputy Executive Director for Intergovernmental Support and Strategic Partnerships， UN-Women； Azim Khamisa， Founder， the Tariq Khamisa Foundation； Tiffany Easthom， Country Director for South Sudan， Nonviolent Peaceforce； and Grace Akallo， Founder and Executive Director， United Africans for Women And Children Rights. 尼日利亚常驻代表Ogwu主持了第二组的讨论并介绍了与会者。
Mr. AZAD stressed the need for renewed emphasis on the culture of peace， and outlined his own country’s policies and efforts to that end. He underlined the importance of education to inspire everyone， regardless of identity， and underscored the importance of working through the arts to bridge cultural gaps across civilizations. Calling for a global summit and regional conferences to help people understand different belief systems， he said a culture of peace would help the attainment of the Millennium Development Goals and the crafting of a post-2015 development agenda. Urging better awareness of the benefits of a culture of peace， he called for more support for well-coordinated United Nations action to implement the relevant Programme of Action.
AZAD 先生强调并重申了和平文化的必要性并在讨论的最后概括了他的国家的政策和努力。他强调了教育对于激励每个人的重要性，呼吁召开全球峰会和区域性会议帮助大家了解不同的信仰体系。与此同时他还敦促世界对于和平文化所带来的利益给予更多的关注并且给与更多的支持。
Ms. PURI provided a gender perspective， stressing that gender justice was central to broader social justice and that asymmetries were bound to lead to conflict. Underlining women’s centrality to the quest for the establishment of a culture of peace， she said war had begun “in the minds of men” but peace could be said to begin “in the minds of women”. Great strides had been made for women and girls， and people were realizing the importance of women to the progress of civilization. Nonetheless， women and girls faced daily inequalities and the structural causes of discrimination must be tackled， she emphasized.
Puri 女士从性别的角度强调了以性别平等为中心的更为广泛意义上的社会平等。她强调女性在建立和平文化理念中的中心地位，她认为现在社会上对于妇女和女孩的重视已有了大幅度的提高并且意识到了女性在文化进步中的重要作用，但她们在社会上仍然收到不公平待遇和歧视。
Mr. KHAMISA described how the murder of his son had led him to devote himself to protecting children. There were victims at both ends of guns， he noted， emphasizing that the enemy was really the societal forces pushing boys like his son’s killer into gangs at the age of 11 and into murder at age 14. Violence was learned， so non-violence could be learned as well， he said， describing how programmes with which he was associated had helped to reduce violence， and how that could be relevant to the work of the United Nations.
KHAMISA 先生描述了他是如何走上保护儿童这条道路的，这一切都源于他儿子被谋杀杀的影响。他指出这些受害人不仅是被杀害的人，同时也是杀害他人的人。战争带来的社会上暴力行为促使男孩们杀人。杀害他儿子凶手的孩子在11岁加入暴徒组织，在14岁并开始参与谋杀行为。所以，他觉得非暴力行为一定要提倡，而且他还提出电视节目对于青少年的影响能够有效地减少暴力行为。
Ms. EASTHOM shared some of her organization’s practical strategies for building a culture of peace in the field and in conflict situations. Unarmed civilian peacekeepers from Nonviolent Peaceforce provided direct physical protection to civilians affected by violent conflict and helped to prevent further outbreaks of violence， she said. The presence of unarmed peacekeepers had reduced sexual violence and boosted crop harvests on female-run collective farms. They had also stopped cyclical violence between agriculturalists and cattle herders in South Sudan. She acknowledged the complexity of peace， but noted that the recent dry season was the first that locals could remember in which no killings had occurred. EASTHOM 女士谈及她所参与的组织在有冲突的区域实地创建和平文化的切实方案。非武力的和平捍卫者减少了性暴力并促进了女性经营的集体性质的农场里农作物的巨大丰收。她承认了和平蕴含复杂内容，但指出这个干季节是当地居民记忆中唯一一个没有屠杀的季节。
Ms. AKALLO said she had been abducted by the Lord’s Resistance Army as a child， stressing that child soldiers were always pictured as boys holding AK-47s. While acknowledging the suffering of boys， she said girls faced multiple layers of suffering. They also had to fight， but were also forced to become wives and mothers. Those who escaped and returned to their communities were ostracized and often fell into sex work. Child soldiers would only be a “lost generation” if the world allowed it， she emphasized.
AKALLO 女士讲述了她在孩提时代被皇家反抗军队绑架的事情并强调了儿童军通常在人民的脑海中被想象成手握AK-47s手枪的男孩。但是除了男孩之外，女孩同样面临如此的遭遇。她们必须战斗但同时也被迫嫁人并生子。她还强调说如果世界不重视她们，这些儿童军将只能成为“迷失的一代”。
In the ensuing interactive dialogue， the representative of Cuba， speaking on behalf of the Community of Latin American and Caribbean States， described how the group was geared to ensuring peace in the region. Cultural diversity was a regional characteristic and the basis for cooperation and interaction.
古巴的代表描述了该地区是如何走上维护区域和平的道路的。文化多样性是区域的一个特点，也是合作和沟通的基础。
Also taking part in the discussion was a representative of the non-governmental organization Society for Public Health Education.
公共健康教育非政府组织社团的一个代表也参与了讨论。
Panel Discussion III
小组讨论3
Carlos Enrique García González， Permanent Representative of El Salvador， moderated the third panel and introduced the following panellists： Federico Mayor， President， Foundation for a Culture of Peace； Nancy Roof， Founder， Kosmos： the Journal for World Citizens Creating the New Civilization； Mikiko Otani， international human rights lawyer； Abigail E. Disney， filmmaker， co-Founder， Gbowee Peace Foundation， and President， Fork Films & Peace Is Loud； and Patricia Smith Melton， Founder， Peace X Peace.
圣萨尔瓦多代表主持了第三组的讨论并介绍了与会者。
Moderator GARC?A GONZ?LEZ said humanity faced a significant dilemma involving its own survival. The United Nations had decided that humanity needed to build a culture of peace， and those words could not remain empty； they required a higher level of awareness. Today’s discussion had looked at the issue of a culture of peace from spiritual， religious， economic and several other perspectives. The panellists would add their viewpoints and aim to link the discussion with current United Nations agendas， he said.
GONZ?LEZ谈到了人权问题及其面临的尴尬的进退两难的境地。联合国决定人类需建立文化和平体系，必须要把这些理论落实到行动上并且要求对人权给予更高的关注。今天围绕着文化和平的讨论需要从多种角度来看待。这些参与者也会表达各自的观点，并把讨论和当今联合国的议程联系在一起。 Mr. MAYOR said the culture of peace was becoming an “essential point of reference” for the United Nations. Addressing the panel’s main question， “What is needed？”， he said education was a key imperative. “Education is to contribute to the formation of human beings that are free and responsible，” he stressed. Discussing peace began at the personal and local levels， and daily behaviour， awareness and involvement were critical， as “we must be actors in our lives”. Several countries in Latin America today mentioned the culture of peace， while Africa had held a continent-wide meeting on the subject， and was forming a related network. However， bringing about a culture of peace required action on the part of women and youth. Today， unlike in the past， young people were able to express themselves and could advocate for peace.
MAYOR 先生说道文化和平已经成为联合国提出的核心观念，提出了小组的主要问题：“我们需要什么？”他指出教育势在必行。他强调了教育的重要作用并讨论了和平在日常生活上的落实及参与的重要：“我们必须是自己生活中的行动者。”非洲和拉丁美洲所提倡的和平文化不同的是，它召开了洲际性的会议，并以此为主题构建相关的网络，还提出它的实现需要妇女和年轻人的参与。和过去不同的是年轻人能够表现自己并提倡和平。
Ms. ROOF said that the culture of peace embraced the number-one concern of all humanity. “We are here because we care that people are in pain and suffering. We are outraged at the injustices we face daily.” New communication technologies allowed people to share experiences on a global basis， and the human race was moving into a new era， she said. Meanwhile， efforts during the present “in-between time” should focus on building a new consciousness and capacity for peace. “These changes are happening right now in every country of the world，” she emphasized. A focus was also needed on prevention and on developing a new wellness model. The approach must be inclusive， spanning from personal and local development to movement on the national and international levels. Strategies must be linked and work collaboratively， she stressed， saying no single group “has the answer”.
Roof 女士说文化使人类头等难题迎刃而解：“我们之所以在这里致力于这样的工作是因为我们关注正身处于水深火热的人民。对于当今社会的不公正现象我们感到愤慨。”她指出了通讯技术的提高使人民从中获利并使人类进入了一个新纪元。她还强调了发展的作用和影响。这些变化的领域也不断扩大，而战略手段也必须互相结合，杜绝“单一作战”。
Ms. OTANI said children faced many challenges daily， stressing that preventing violence in one generation reduced its likelihood in the next. Therefore， protecting children from violence was a key strategy for promoting freedom， peace and justice throughout the world. The United Nations had proclaimed 2001-2010 the International Decade for a Culture of Peace， and “our responsibilities must remain unchanged beyond the decade”. Among other things， women should be empowered and the participation of children as partners in the family encouraged. Finally， she stressed peace must be recognized as a “self-standing” human right that would make the culture of peace more meaningful. OTANI 女士说孩子们在当今遇到挑战，她强调阻止一代人的暴力行为能够减少下一代出现此类行为的几率。因此对于儿童免受暴力行为的保护是推动世界自由，和平和公正的关键性战略。联合国也就此做出相关声明，倡导：“我们的责任必须在十年之后依旧保持不变。”另外，妇女在家庭中权力的提升和儿童参与家庭并成为家庭活动的一员也受到了鼓励和支持。最后她还强调了我们必须把和平看作是“自我支持”的人权，这样，和平文化才能更有意义。
Ms. DISNEY said that， as a United States citizen， she would focus her comments on her national culture. Describing the United States as a major exporter of both weapons and the “entertainment industrial complex”， she said it was also responsible for an almost eroticized “mythology of violence”. The words “non-violence” and “peace” were not respected， and violence was hardwired into national culture， she said， adding that such a focus on violence represented a “deadening” of the imagination. The central challenge of the twenty-first century was for people， including the media and the entertainment industry， to understand the consequences of their decisions. Peacebuilding would be difficult for Americans， as it would demand that they ask tough questions about their choices and push back against the status quo. Nevertheless， “we need to wake this country up from its sleeping”， she said. Peace was a series of choices， she concluded， adding： “You make it.”
DISNEY 女士描述了美国作为一个以武器和“娱乐工业合成体”为主的进口国应该对“色情神话”现象负责。对于非暴力和和平两个概念缺乏尊重致使暴力在国家文化中横行。因此21世纪传播工具的发展对于维护世界和平极为重要。美国在构建和平观念的框架上尽管困难重重，但他始终需要觉醒并认识到现在所存在的问题。
Ms. MELTON said that humans had developed consciousness in the context of a vast universe. “We need to figure out how to live well， here and now，” she said， recalling that the world was still plagued by many challenges， including war. Building the culture of peace was， therefore， the highest calling， and nothing was more needed， more precious， more vital or more valuable than the work of caring for one another. Individuals and cultures must have the courage of forgiveness， and all people must work to cooperate with， rather than destroy， others. The flood of information created by people speaking out was the collective human consciousness “sorting itself out，” she said. Every human was a point of consciousness， and everyone was responsible for discovering and loving one another. The female principles of love and inclusiveness were imperative to peace， she stressed. “When the mess is so big， our vision must be clearer，” she warned， urging participants to follow their personal visions on the path towards a culture of peace.
MELTON 女士认为人类的思想意思发展飞速：“我们需要意识到此时此刻如何更好地生存。”她也指出当今世界所面临的诸多不安因素，除了战争还有很多挑战，而对于和平文化的建设更需给予更多的关注和呼吁。每个人都需要互相关爱，人和文化需要以互相包容为前提，只有互助合作才能实现和平。以爱及其包含的相关内容为整体的女性规范对和平至关重要，她还警告说：“当出现严重混乱的时候，我们更应该拥有清晰的视觉”，这段话用以敦促每个参会者在和平文化的道路上追随个人的愿景并保持自己的想象空间。
Education was a primary tool for building the culture of peace， and the United Nations had rightly placed it at the forefront to that end， speakers said today as the General Assembly held a high-level forum on that topic.
今天联合国大会就建设和平文化举行了一个高水平的论坛，演讲者说：
教育是建设和平文化的一个主要工具，为此联合国已经明智地走在了前列。
Assembly President Vuk Jeremi? （Serbia） recalled that the 193-nation body had adopted the Programme of Action on a Culture of Peace 14 years ago， noting that Member States “rightly chose to put education first on the list of necessary actions， inspired by Mahatma Gandhi’s statement that ‘if we are to carry on a real war against war， we shall have to begin with the children.’”.
大会主席武克·耶雷米奇（塞尔维亚）在回顾中说：14年前193个国家通过了《和平文化行动纲领》，成员国做出了正确的选择，把教育放在了必要行动的首位，正如圣雄·甘地鼓舞我们所言，“如果我们要与战争真正抗衡，那么我们必须先从孩子开始。”
The Assembly President went on to emphasize that children — in the classroom and at home， through the books they read and the web pages they browsed — must learn to act with tolerance and understanding of others， forswearing violence. They must learn more about equality of opportunity and social justice； human dignity and rights； love of one’s neighbour and compassion for the most vulnerable.
大会主席接着强调无论孩子是在课堂上还是在家里，无论阅读什么样的书籍，浏览什么样的网页，他们必须学会对他人的宽容与理解，誓绝暴力。他们必须进一步了解机会平等和社会正义，人的尊严和权利，热爱邻人，同情最弱势群体。
Deputy Secretary-General Jan Eliasson described the present time as a moment in history when a culture of peace — not merely the absence of war， but a fully formed culture of peace — was needed for people around the world to pull together as a single human family and meet shared challenges. He noted that Secretary-General’s Global Education First Initiative focused not only on giving children an education， but also on global citizenship rooted in solidarity and mutual understanding. “The goal of building a culture of peace permeates the work of the United Nations，” he added.
副秘书长埃利亚松形容当下为历史性时刻，全世界的人们需要一种和平文化，不仅仅是指没有战争，而是完全成形的和平文化，人们像一个人类家庭一样齐心协力，接受共同的挑战。他指出秘书长对于全球教育的首个倡议注重的不仅是给孩子提供教育，还有根源于团结一致、相互理解的世界公民意识。他补充说：“建设和平文化的目标渗透在联合国的所有工作中。”
Following those opening remarks， Patriarch Irinej of Serbia emphasized the importance of faith in God， saying that “without such spirituality， war is unavoidable， even if the world is to be inhabited by only two human beings， even as two born brothers， like it once was with Cain and Abel.” A culture of peace was incompatible with the cult of selfishness and with the “absolutization of egotistic interests”， he emphasized. 这些开幕致辞之后，塞尔维亚主教爱任纽强调了对上帝信仰的重要性，他说：“没有这种灵性，战争是不可避免的，即使这个世界只有两个人居住，两人还是亲生兄弟，就像是圣经中的该隐和亚伯。”他还强调和平文化与对自私自利的狂热、“自高自大的绝对化”水火不相容。
Sayyid M. Syeed， National Director in the Office for Interfaith and Community Alliances of the Islamic Society of North America， outlined how different religions could work together， recalling that churches in the United States had invited newly-arrived Muslims in the 1950s and 60s to use their facilities for their Friday prayers and other events. The question for those Muslims had been how to relate with the large number of Jewish Americans and how to overcome the “elephant in the room” — the Israel-Palestine conflict. Coming together， the two communities had created the Children of Abraham project in order jointly to fight anti-Semitism and Islamophobia in the United States， he said.
北美伊斯兰协会宗教和社区联盟办公室国家主任赛义德·西德概述了不同的地区如何一起工作。他回忆道，在二十世纪五六十年代美国的教会曾邀请新到的穆斯林人员使用教会的设备来举行他们的星期五祈祷和其它事件。那些穆斯林人的问题是如何与众多的犹太裔美国人联系，如何克服“房间里的大象”——巴以冲突的问题。这两个族群共同创造了阿伯拉罕子孙项目，以便联合起来与在美国的反犹太主义和伊斯兰恐惧症进行斗争。
Dipu Moni， Minister for Foreign Affairs of Bangladesh， stressed that “peace is not just the mere absence of war”， pointing out that many countries around the world suffered discrimination， terrorism， human rights violations， abject poverty and other major challenges. Bangladesh had brought the draft resolution on a Culture of Peace to the General Assembly in 1997. Having firmly upheld the concept during its fight for achievement， it celebrated the festivals of all four of its major religions and was a rare example of a State that had resolved disputes with its neighbours.
孟加拉国外交事务部部长迪普·穆尼强调“和平不仅仅是没有战争”，还指出全世界许多国家遭受着歧视、恐怖主义、人权侵犯、赤贫和其它重要挑战。在1997年孟加拉国曾向联合国大会提交过关于和平文化的提案。在为和平文化努力的过程中，孟加拉国坚定地拥护此观念，庆祝了四大主要宗教的节日，这是一个国家解决与邻国纠纷的罕见范例。
Anwarul Chowdhury， Chair of the General Assembly drafting committee for the United Nations Declaration and Programme of Action on Culture of Peace （1998-1999）， spoke on behalf of civil society and The Global Movement for The Culture of Peace， noting that the power of non-violence had been demonstrated by the sacrifices of Mahatma Gandhi and Martin Luther King， Jr. With ever-expanding militarism a cause for concern today， the approach of Daisaku Ikeda， the living apostle of peace — the positive， active pursuit of peace， as opposed to “passive peace” — was inspiring to millions， he said， underlining also the role of women in making peace. “Without peace， development is impossible， and without women， neither peace nor development is possible，” he said. 《联合国和平文化行动宣言和纲领》（1998-1999）起草委员会主席乔杜里代表公民社会和和平文化世界运动发表重要讲话，指出圣雄·甘地和马丁·路德·金的牺牲证明了非暴力的强大。同时，他还强调了在创造和平的过程中妇女角色的重要性。他说，“没有和平，发展就没有可能；没有妇女，发展与和平都没有可能。”
Elie Abadie， M.D.， Rabbi of the Edmond J. Safra Synagogue in New York City， said that from the outset， the idea of a culture of peace had consisted of values， attitudes and behaviours that rejected violence. Unfortunately， the world was still witnessing wars among and within nations. In Jewish tradition， one of God’s names was Shalom， meaning “peace”， he noted. “Love thy neighbour as thyself，” he continued， adding that religions must pride themselves on the level of their adherents’ tolerance and understanding of others.
纽约市埃德蒙萨弗拉犹太教会堂教士、医学博士埃利·阿巴迪说：从一开始，和平文化的概念就由反对暴力的价值观，态度和行为构成。不幸的是，世界上国家内部或国与国之间仍在发生着战争。在犹太人的传统里，上帝的一个名字是“Shalom”，意思就是“和平”，“爱你的邻人就像爱你自己一样。”他补充说：宗教的信仰者必须以他们对待他人的宽容与理解而骄傲自豪。
Today’s forum also featured three panel discussions， the first titled “The Role of Interfaith Cooperation in Promoting a Global Culture of Peace”； the second “The Culture of Peace as the Agenda for a New Global Civilization： Where are we now？”； and the third， “Strategy for Advancing the Implementation of the UN Programme of Action on Culture of Peace： What are needed？”.
今天的论坛还包括三组专题讨论，第一个专题为“多种信仰合作在促进全球和平文化中的作用”，第二个专题为“和平文化是新世界文明的议程：现在我们身在何处？”，第三个专题为“促进联合国和平文化行动纲领实施策略：我们需要什么？”
Background
背景
The General Assembly met this morning to hold its High-Level Forum on the Culture of Peace， as requested by resolution 67/106 （2012） on “Follow-up to the Declaration and Programme of Action on a Culture of Peace”.
按照（2012）67/106号决议“落实和平文化行动宣言和纲领”的要求，联合国大会于今早举行了此次和平文化高水平论坛。
Panel Discussion I
专题讨论1
John O. Voll， Georgetown University Professor， moderated the first panel discussion， which also featured the following panellists： Katherine R. Henderson， President， Auburn Seminary； Matthew Hodes， Director， United Nations Alliance of Civilizations； William F. Vendley， Secretary General， Religions for Peace； and Hüseyin Hurmali， Chief Administrative Officer， Journalists and Writers Foundation.
乔治城大学教授约翰·维尔主持了第一个专题讨论，参加者为：奥本神学院主席卡瑟琳·亨德森；联合国文明联盟主任马修·霍兹；世界宗教和平会议秘书长威廉·万德利；记者及作家基金会政务主任侯赛因·何马利。
The Moderator cited Albert Einstein to the effect that “the world is a dangerous place to live， not because of the people who are evil， but because of the people who don’t do anything about it.” He then introduced the panellists as “those who are doing something about it”. 主持人引用了阿尔伯特·爱因斯坦的话作为开场白，意思是：“这个世界不安全，并非是因为人类的邪恶，而是因为人类不采取行动。”他称与会人为“正在采取行动的人”。
Ms. HENDERSON said her 200-year-old seminary promoted deep， multifaceted engagement for the sake of justice. “There is no peace without justice，” she said， clarifying the purpose of engagement and cooperation. She also stressed the need for religious communities to address poverty and other ills， saying partnership was vital to the attainment of those objectives. While partners may not follow the same creeds or texts， they had a similar vision. Noting that her institution had been trying to foster a new generation of youth leaders over the past 12 years， she said old-school Christian ministers had known only their own creeds， but today’s religious leaders must know the creeds of other faiths as well. In conclusion， she stressed the importance of realizing the interdependence that connected people to each other.
亨德森女士说她的有200年历史的神学院努力践行维护正义的深刻的多层面的诺言。她说：“没有正义就没有和平。”这句话阐明了诺言和合作的目的。她还强调了宗教社团解决贫困及其它不幸的必要性，她表示合作对于实现这些目标是至关重要的。虽然合作者可能没有同样的教义，但是他们拥有相似的愿景。她说：神学院在过去12年一直在努力培养新一代的年轻领导人，到老式学校的基督教牧师只知道他们自己的教义，但是如今的宗教领导人还必须知道其它信仰的教义。她最后强调了人与人之间相互依赖的重要性。
Mr. HODES said organized religions promoted tolerance， life， compassion and forgiveness， among other shared values that were vital to conflict prevention and reconciliation. But religion could be toxic as well， he emphasized， citing the former Yugoslavia， where members of the clergy had fed conflict. In Pakistan and Nigeria， girls had been killed and children burned because of sectarian divisions， he noted. On the other hand， religion could be used for peace， he said， recalling that religious mediators had helped to end 15 years of civil war in Mozambique. Interfaith dialogue was a primary tool， if not a panacea， for building a culture of peace， he said， declaring in conclusion： “Failure to talk is a guarantee of failure.”
霍兹先生表示有组织的宗教有助于宣传宽容、生存、同情和谅解的价值观，这些价值观对冲突的预防和调解具有至关重要性。但是他强调宗教也有有害的，例如在前南斯拉夫，牧师间产生了冲突，在巴基斯坦和尼日利亚，因为教派冲突，女童被杀，孩子被烧。他说：另外一方面宗教也可以促进和平。他回忆起宗教协调者曾帮助结束了长达十五年的莫桑比克内战。建设和平文化，宗教对话是一个重要工具，但并不是万能的。最后他总结道：“宗教间不能好好对话，那必然不利于和平。”
Mr. VENDLEY raised the question： “How can the religions contribute to the culture of peace？” People talked about inalienable rights but were “rather mute” about the basis for those rights. The world’s religions， however， were looking into themselves for justifications. Emphasizing that there could be no culture of peace without virtuous people， he described virtues as habits of tolerance， compassion， empathy and love that must be cultivated. No matter the importance of material prosperity， people must look into remarkable human virtues to achieve a culture of peace， and that was where religions could help， as they were great schools of virtue， he said. Although religions had different doctrines， they could still have shared values or care. “Care calls us to act； shared care calls us to act together”， he said， stressing that religious communities could work together in coping with common human problems. 万德利先生问道：“宗教怎样才能有助于和平文化？”人们谈论不可让与的权利，但是对这些权利的根本却“宁愿默不做声”。他把美德描述为必须养成的宽容、同情和爱的习惯，没有美德的人类，就没有和平文化。不管物质繁荣多么重要，实现和平文化，人们必须拥有卓越的人类美德，这就是宗教可以发挥作用的地方，因为他们是美德的最好的学校。虽然宗教有不同的教义，但是他们拥有共同的价值观与关切。他说：“关切号召我们行动，共同的关切号召我们一起行动。”他强调宗教社区应该团结起来处理共同的人类问题。
Mr. HURMALI quoted the United Nations Educational， Scientific and Cultural Organization Director-General： “Peace is more than the absence of war， it is living together with our differences — of sex， race， language， religion or culture.” In order to be effective in promoting the culture of peace， interfaith dialogue initiatives should not be designed and implemented only in post-conflict regions， but should be part of everyday life in all countries. Very peaceful societies could some day turn very violent due to clashes between religious and ethnic groups， he cautioned， adding that all initiatives that advanced a culture of peace should be established and promoted in all nations to prevent future conflicts. Describing ignorance as one of the biggest enemies of peace， he emphasized that political， economic and legal regulations for sustainable peace could never have a lasting effect if people were not educated on universally accepted values such as human rights， freedom of expression， equal opportunity， peaceful coexistence and， above all， “wishing for others what one wishes for him- or her-self”.
何马利先生引用了联合国科教文组织秘书长的话：“和平不仅仅是没有战争，和平与我们的性、种族、语言、宗教或文化差异共存。”为了更有效地促进和平文化，宗教对话不应该在发生冲突后的地域内进行，而应成为所有国家日常生活中的一部分。由于宗教与种族团体之间的冲突，非常和平的社会也会变得非常暴力。为避免未来的冲突，所有国家应该建立并促进和平文化。他将愚昧描述为和平最大的敌人之一，强调如果人们没有受到普遍价值观，如人权、言论自由、机会平等、和平共处及最重要的，“像为自己考虑一样为他人考虑”等价值观的教育，那么可持续和平的政治、经济和法律制度都不会有长远的效果。
Following those presentations， the representative of Saudi Arabia stressed the need for a mechanism to implement the Declaration and Programme of Action on a Culture of Peace. He said a centre for international dialogue had been established in his country to promote a culture of peace， and the Government had invested in the establishment of an international centre to fight terrorism and extremism.
这些演讲之后，沙特阿拉伯的代表强调，需要一种机制来实施《和平文化行动宣言和纲领》。他说他的国家已经建立国际对话中心以促进和平文化，政府已投资建设这个国际中心来打击恐怖主义和极端主义。
Panel Discussion II
小组讨论2
U. Joy Ogwu， Permanent Representative of Nigeria to the United Nations， moderated the second panel discussion and introduced the following panellists： Abul Kalam Azad， Minister for Cultural Affairs， Bangladesh； Lakshmi Puri， Deputy Executive Director for Intergovernmental Support and Strategic Partnerships， UN-Women； Azim Khamisa， Founder， the Tariq Khamisa Foundation； Tiffany Easthom， Country Director for South Sudan， Nonviolent Peaceforce； and Grace Akallo， Founder and Executive Director， United Africans for Women And Children Rights. 尼日利亚常驻代表Ogwu主持了第二组的讨论并介绍了与会者。
Mr. AZAD stressed the need for renewed emphasis on the culture of peace， and outlined his own country’s policies and efforts to that end. He underlined the importance of education to inspire everyone， regardless of identity， and underscored the importance of working through the arts to bridge cultural gaps across civilizations. Calling for a global summit and regional conferences to help people understand different belief systems， he said a culture of peace would help the attainment of the Millennium Development Goals and the crafting of a post-2015 development agenda. Urging better awareness of the benefits of a culture of peace， he called for more support for well-coordinated United Nations action to implement the relevant Programme of Action.
AZAD 先生强调并重申了和平文化的必要性并在讨论的最后概括了他的国家的政策和努力。他强调了教育对于激励每个人的重要性，呼吁召开全球峰会和区域性会议帮助大家了解不同的信仰体系。与此同时他还敦促世界对于和平文化所带来的利益给予更多的关注并且给与更多的支持。
Ms. PURI provided a gender perspective， stressing that gender justice was central to broader social justice and that asymmetries were bound to lead to conflict. Underlining women’s centrality to the quest for the establishment of a culture of peace， she said war had begun “in the minds of men” but peace could be said to begin “in the minds of women”. Great strides had been made for women and girls， and people were realizing the importance of women to the progress of civilization. Nonetheless， women and girls faced daily inequalities and the structural causes of discrimination must be tackled， she emphasized.
Puri 女士从性别的角度强调了以性别平等为中心的更为广泛意义上的社会平等。她强调女性在建立和平文化理念中的中心地位，她认为现在社会上对于妇女和女孩的重视已有了大幅度的提高并且意识到了女性在文化进步中的重要作用，但她们在社会上仍然收到不公平待遇和歧视。
Mr. KHAMISA described how the murder of his son had led him to devote himself to protecting children. There were victims at both ends of guns， he noted， emphasizing that the enemy was really the societal forces pushing boys like his son’s killer into gangs at the age of 11 and into murder at age 14. Violence was learned， so non-violence could be learned as well， he said， describing how programmes with which he was associated had helped to reduce violence， and how that could be relevant to the work of the United Nations.
KHAMISA 先生描述了他是如何走上保护儿童这条道路的，这一切都源于他儿子被谋杀杀的影响。他指出这些受害人不仅是被杀害的人，同时也是杀害他人的人。战争带来的社会上暴力行为促使男孩们杀人。杀害他儿子凶手的孩子在11岁加入暴徒组织，在14岁并开始参与谋杀行为。所以，他觉得非暴力行为一定要提倡，而且他还提出电视节目对于青少年的影响能够有效地减少暴力行为。
Ms. EASTHOM shared some of her organization’s practical strategies for building a culture of peace in the field and in conflict situations. Unarmed civilian peacekeepers from Nonviolent Peaceforce provided direct physical protection to civilians affected by violent conflict and helped to prevent further outbreaks of violence， she said. The presence of unarmed peacekeepers had reduced sexual violence and boosted crop harvests on female-run collective farms. They had also stopped cyclical violence between agriculturalists and cattle herders in South Sudan. She acknowledged the complexity of peace， but noted that the recent dry season was the first that locals could remember in which no killings had occurred. EASTHOM 女士谈及她所参与的组织在有冲突的区域实地创建和平文化的切实方案。非武力的和平捍卫者减少了性暴力并促进了女性经营的集体性质的农场里农作物的巨大丰收。她承认了和平蕴含复杂内容，但指出这个干季节是当地居民记忆中唯一一个没有屠杀的季节。
Ms. AKALLO said she had been abducted by the Lord’s Resistance Army as a child， stressing that child soldiers were always pictured as boys holding AK-47s. While acknowledging the suffering of boys， she said girls faced multiple layers of suffering. They also had to fight， but were also forced to become wives and mothers. Those who escaped and returned to their communities were ostracized and often fell into sex work. Child soldiers would only be a “lost generation” if the world allowed it， she emphasized.
AKALLO 女士讲述了她在孩提时代被皇家反抗军队绑架的事情并强调了儿童军通常在人民的脑海中被想象成手握AK-47s手枪的男孩。但是除了男孩之外，女孩同样面临如此的遭遇。她们必须战斗但同时也被迫嫁人并生子。她还强调说如果世界不重视她们，这些儿童军将只能成为“迷失的一代”。
In the ensuing interactive dialogue， the representative of Cuba， speaking on behalf of the Community of Latin American and Caribbean States， described how the group was geared to ensuring peace in the region. Cultural diversity was a regional characteristic and the basis for cooperation and interaction.
古巴的代表描述了该地区是如何走上维护区域和平的道路的。文化多样性是区域的一个特点，也是合作和沟通的基础。
Also taking part in the discussion was a representative of the non-governmental organization Society for Public Health Education.
公共健康教育非政府组织社团的一个代表也参与了讨论。
Panel Discussion III
小组讨论3
Carlos Enrique García González， Permanent Representative of El Salvador， moderated the third panel and introduced the following panellists： Federico Mayor， President， Foundation for a Culture of Peace； Nancy Roof， Founder， Kosmos： the Journal for World Citizens Creating the New Civilization； Mikiko Otani， international human rights lawyer； Abigail E. Disney， filmmaker， co-Founder， Gbowee Peace Foundation， and President， Fork Films & Peace Is Loud； and Patricia Smith Melton， Founder， Peace X Peace.
圣萨尔瓦多代表主持了第三组的讨论并介绍了与会者。
Moderator GARC?A GONZ?LEZ said humanity faced a significant dilemma involving its own survival. The United Nations had decided that humanity needed to build a culture of peace， and those words could not remain empty； they required a higher level of awareness. Today’s discussion had looked at the issue of a culture of peace from spiritual， religious， economic and several other perspectives. The panellists would add their viewpoints and aim to link the discussion with current United Nations agendas， he said.
GONZ?LEZ谈到了人权问题及其面临的尴尬的进退两难的境地。联合国决定人类需建立文化和平体系，必须要把这些理论落实到行动上并且要求对人权给予更高的关注。今天围绕着文化和平的讨论需要从多种角度来看待。这些参与者也会表达各自的观点，并把讨论和当今联合国的议程联系在一起。 Mr. MAYOR said the culture of peace was becoming an “essential point of reference” for the United Nations. Addressing the panel’s main question， “What is needed？”， he said education was a key imperative. “Education is to contribute to the formation of human beings that are free and responsible，” he stressed. Discussing peace began at the personal and local levels， and daily behaviour， awareness and involvement were critical， as “we must be actors in our lives”. Several countries in Latin America today mentioned the culture of peace， while Africa had held a continent-wide meeting on the subject， and was forming a related network. However， bringing about a culture of peace required action on the part of women and youth. Today， unlike in the past， young people were able to express themselves and could advocate for peace.
MAYOR 先生说道文化和平已经成为联合国提出的核心观念，提出了小组的主要问题：“我们需要什么？”他指出教育势在必行。他强调了教育的重要作用并讨论了和平在日常生活上的落实及参与的重要：“我们必须是自己生活中的行动者。”非洲和拉丁美洲所提倡的和平文化不同的是，它召开了洲际性的会议，并以此为主题构建相关的网络，还提出它的实现需要妇女和年轻人的参与。和过去不同的是年轻人能够表现自己并提倡和平。
Ms. ROOF said that the culture of peace embraced the number-one concern of all humanity. “We are here because we care that people are in pain and suffering. We are outraged at the injustices we face daily.” New communication technologies allowed people to share experiences on a global basis， and the human race was moving into a new era， she said. Meanwhile， efforts during the present “in-between time” should focus on building a new consciousness and capacity for peace. “These changes are happening right now in every country of the world，” she emphasized. A focus was also needed on prevention and on developing a new wellness model. The approach must be inclusive， spanning from personal and local development to movement on the national and international levels. Strategies must be linked and work collaboratively， she stressed， saying no single group “has the answer”.
Roof 女士说文化使人类头等难题迎刃而解：“我们之所以在这里致力于这样的工作是因为我们关注正身处于水深火热的人民。对于当今社会的不公正现象我们感到愤慨。”她指出了通讯技术的提高使人民从中获利并使人类进入了一个新纪元。她还强调了发展的作用和影响。这些变化的领域也不断扩大，而战略手段也必须互相结合，杜绝“单一作战”。
Ms. OTANI said children faced many challenges daily， stressing that preventing violence in one generation reduced its likelihood in the next. Therefore， protecting children from violence was a key strategy for promoting freedom， peace and justice throughout the world. The United Nations had proclaimed 2001-2010 the International Decade for a Culture of Peace， and “our responsibilities must remain unchanged beyond the decade”. Among other things， women should be empowered and the participation of children as partners in the family encouraged. Finally， she stressed peace must be recognized as a “self-standing” human right that would make the culture of peace more meaningful. OTANI 女士说孩子们在当今遇到挑战，她强调阻止一代人的暴力行为能够减少下一代出现此类行为的几率。因此对于儿童免受暴力行为的保护是推动世界自由，和平和公正的关键性战略。联合国也就此做出相关声明，倡导：“我们的责任必须在十年之后依旧保持不变。”另外，妇女在家庭中权力的提升和儿童参与家庭并成为家庭活动的一员也受到了鼓励和支持。最后她还强调了我们必须把和平看作是“自我支持”的人权，这样，和平文化才能更有意义。
Ms. DISNEY said that， as a United States citizen， she would focus her comments on her national culture. Describing the United States as a major exporter of both weapons and the “entertainment industrial complex”， she said it was also responsible for an almost eroticized “mythology of violence”. The words “non-violence” and “peace” were not respected， and violence was hardwired into national culture， she said， adding that such a focus on violence represented a “deadening” of the imagination. The central challenge of the twenty-first century was for people， including the media and the entertainment industry， to understand the consequences of their decisions. Peacebuilding would be difficult for Americans， as it would demand that they ask tough questions about their choices and push back against the status quo. Nevertheless， “we need to wake this country up from its sleeping”， she said. Peace was a series of choices， she concluded， adding： “You make it.”
DISNEY 女士描述了美国作为一个以武器和“娱乐工业合成体”为主的进口国应该对“色情神话”现象负责。对于非暴力和和平两个概念缺乏尊重致使暴力在国家文化中横行。因此21世纪传播工具的发展对于维护世界和平极为重要。美国在构建和平观念的框架上尽管困难重重，但他始终需要觉醒并认识到现在所存在的问题。
Ms. MELTON said that humans had developed consciousness in the context of a vast universe. “We need to figure out how to live well， here and now，” she said， recalling that the world was still plagued by many challenges， including war. Building the culture of peace was， therefore， the highest calling， and nothing was more needed， more precious， more vital or more valuable than the work of caring for one another. Individuals and cultures must have the courage of forgiveness， and all people must work to cooperate with， rather than destroy， others. The flood of information created by people speaking out was the collective human consciousness “sorting itself out，” she said. Every human was a point of consciousness， and everyone was responsible for discovering and loving one another. The female principles of love and inclusiveness were imperative to peace， she stressed. “When the mess is so big， our vision must be clearer，” she warned， urging participants to follow their personal visions on the path towards a culture of peace.
MELTON 女士认为人类的思想意思发展飞速：“我们需要意识到此时此刻如何更好地生存。”她也指出当今世界所面临的诸多不安因素，除了战争还有很多挑战，而对于和平文化的建设更需给予更多的关注和呼吁。每个人都需要互相关爱，人和文化需要以互相包容为前提，只有互助合作才能实现和平。以爱及其包含的相关内容为整体的女性规范对和平至关重要，她还警告说：“当出现严重混乱的时候，我们更应该拥有清晰的视觉”，这段话用以敦促每个参会者在和平文化的道路上追随个人的愿景并保持自己的想象空间。