1.前言柴油机在最近二十年间的发展特点是平均有效压力提高了近10巴,燃油消耗率每年约下降1克/马力·小时。这主要从下列四个方面来实现:1)增压系统的改进。同时包括从“脉冲”转换向“定压”转换的变化。2)增压器性能的改进。这表现为在50%左右的压缩级压比范围内,增压器总效率提高了10%。 1. Introduction The development of diesel engines over the last two decades has been characterized by an increase in average effective pressure of nearly 10 bar and a fuel consumption rate of approximately 1 gph per annum. This mainly from the following four aspects to achieve: 1) pressurization system improvements. It also includes the transition from “pulse” to “constant pressure”. 2) Turbocharger performance improvement. This represents a 10% increase in total supercharger efficiency over a compression ratio of about 50%.