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在海商法领域,船舶优先权的法律性质是一个基本理论问题,学者看法各异,莫衷一是。明确船舶优先权的法律性质,对于完善现行船舶优先权制度、加强对海商海事司法实践的指导有重要意义。本文将通过梳理、对比、分析各种学说,结合世界上有代表性国家的立法和我国海商法关于船舶优先权的规定,对其性质进行科学界定。同时基于对船舶优先权性质的长期争议,提出我国在立法层面移植国外先进制度的建议。
In the field of maritime law, the legal nature of maritime lien is a basic theoretical issue. Scholars have different opinions and different opinions. To clarify the legal nature of maritime liens is of great significance to improving the existing maritime liens system and strengthening the guidance of maritime maritime judicial practice. In this paper, we will make a scientific definition of its nature by combing, comparing and analyzing various theories, combining the legislation of representative countries in the world and the provisions on maritime lien in China’s maritime law. At the same time, based on the long-standing dispute over the nature of maritime lien, this paper proposes that our country should transplant the advanced foreign system at the legislative level.