马拉拉——为女童接受教育权利呐喊

来源 :联合国青年技术培训 | 被引量 : 0次 | 上传用户:zhengjjing
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  July 12, 2013 marks the 16-year birthday for Malala Yousafzai, the Pakistani schoolgirl who was shot by the Taliban for promoting education for girls. On October 9, 2012, Malala was shot in the head and neck in an assassination attempt by Taliban gunmen and later was sent to a Hospital in United Kingdom. The meeting, under the name of “Youth Assembly Featuring Malala Day” was attended by Ban Ki-Moon, UN Secretary-General, Vuk Jeremi?, President of the General Assembly and Gordon Brown, former United Kingdom Prime Minister, in his capacity as UN Special Envoy for Global Education.
  2013年7月12日,是为争取女性接受教育权利挺身而出、遭遇塔利班袭击的巴基斯坦少女英雄马拉拉的16岁生日。就在去年的10月份,她不幸遭遇了枪击。在英国接受了精心治疗后,马拉拉在其16岁生日当天来到了联合国纽约总部,参加了‘马拉拉日’青年大会”活动。联合国秘书长潘基文,联合国大会主席耶雷米奇,联合国全球教育特使、英国前首相布朗均参加了这一特殊活动。
  Petition for Girls’ Education Right at
  the Risk of Her Life
  为女童就学冒死请愿
  Born on July 12, 1997 in Swat, Pakistan, Malala used to be an ordinary Pakistani girl. Despite Taliban’s ban on girls’ attending to school, Malala used all the media forms within her means to detailing Taliban’s violence of burning girls’ school, and intimidation of local villagers. Her blog in Urdu for the BBC which wrote about her life under Taliban rule raised attention from the international society. She is the winner of Pakistan's first National Youth Peace Prize for her efforts at promoting education right for children, especially girls. Thus, she was frequently preyed by the menaces and threatens from Taliban. On October 9, 2012, Malala was shot in the head and neck in an assassination attempt by Taliban gunmen. After rehabilitation in a UK hospital, she left hospital and re-attended school in UK.
  Malala’s address on July 12, 2013 in UN is her first debut after her assassination. She said, “It is an honor for me to be speaking again after a long time. Being here with such honorable people is a great moment in my life.” Then she thanked every person who had prayed for her fast recovery and the nurses, doctors who treated her and United Arab Emirates government. She said that she have received thousands of good wish cards and gifts from all over the world. She thanked the children whose innocent words encouraged her, and the elders whose prayers strengthened her. UN Secretary-General Ban Ki-Moon has announced on that 12 July, the birthday of Malala Yousafzai will be celebrated as Malala Day. She said, “Malala day is not my day. Today is the day of every woman, every boy and every girl who have raised their voice for their rights.”   Malala said, “ They (The Taliban) thought that the bullets would silence us. But they failed. And then, out of that silence came, thousands of voices. The terrorists thought that they would change our aims and stop our ambitions but nothing changed in my life except this: Weakness, fear and hopelessness died. Strength, power and courage was born.”
  出生于1997年7月12日的马拉拉,是一名居住在巴基斯坦斯瓦特地区的普通少女。虽然塔利班禁止斯瓦特地区的女性接受教育,但是马拉拉不仅前往学校学习,还利用一切媒介手段,揭露塔利班焚烧女子学校、恐吓当地居民的暴行。2009年,马拉拉曾在英国广播公司乌尔都语网站发表博文,揭露巴基斯坦塔利班武装的暴行,引起了国际社会的广泛关注。她此后继续积极致力于倡导儿童权利、特别是女童受教育的权利,并于2011年获得巴基斯坦政府颁发的首个“国家和平奖”。然而,她却因此而受到塔利班武装的憎恨和威胁。2012年10月9日,马拉拉在搭乘校车时遭到塔利班人员有针对性的袭击,头部中弹,伤势严重。在被送到英国接受治疗后,马拉拉于今年2月出院,并在英国重返校园。
  2013年7月12日,马拉拉在枪击后首次于公众场合露面并发表了演讲。她表示,有幸同几位受人尊敬的人一同来到联合国并再次公开发言是她一生中的一个美好时刻。借此机会,她想向许多人表示感谢。这包括为了她早日康复而祈祷的人们以及为其治疗而提供帮助的巴基斯坦和英国医院里的护士、医生以及阿联酋政府。遭遇枪击以后,她接到了来自全世界成千上万的贺卡和礼物。许多儿童的天真话语使她深受鼓舞,而年长者对她的祝福也使她力量倍增。为了表彰马拉拉的英勇行为,联合国将马拉拉的生日---7月12日命名为“马拉拉日”。对此,马拉拉认为,这不是她的纪念日,而是为每一个为了自己权益而发出呐喊的妇女、男孩和女孩所设立的纪念日。
  马拉拉表示,塔利班针对女童接受教育而采取的暴力行动吓不倒任何人。塔利班恐怖分子觉得子弹可以使她闭口,可以改变人们的目标、让人们不再奢望,但他们没有达到目的,相反招致了成千上万的谴责之声,使得软弱、恐惧和无助不复存在,有的只是力量、能量和勇气。
  Former British Prime Minister Gordon Brown, now the United Nations Special Envoy for Global Education, launched a petition in Yousafzai's name to ensure the world's 57 million out-of-school children are in education by the end of 2015 which is the deadline of MDGs. Malala was the first signatory since the petition was officially launched on June 17, 2013. But a tragedy just happened in Pakistan where 12 school girls were dead in a bomb attack after them boarding on a school bus.
  After signing the petition, Malala expressed her view on the tragedy in Quetta, saying that the act of depriving girls’ right of attending school is a show of cowardice and desperation. In a video address for the petition, she called for building more schools to ensure the right of every out-of-school child to safely attend school before the end of 2015 and delivered this petition to UN headquarters.
  Time magazine listed Malala as one of "The 100 Most Influential People in the World". Moreover, she is also the youngest nominee in history for the Nobel Peace Prize,
  为了督促世界领导人在2015年底千年发展目标最后期限到来之前确保全球5700万失学女童和男童接受教育的权利,联合国全球教育特使布朗在全球范围内发起签署教育请愿书,并于2013年6月17日开始正式征求签名,马拉拉成为签署请愿书的第一人。时值巴基斯坦最新一起袭击就学女童事件,12名女童在登上校车后遭遇炸弹袭击而身亡。
  签署请愿书后,马拉拉针对6月15日发生在家乡奎达的最新一起袭击女童的事件发表谈话时表示,这一旨在剥夺女童接受教育权利的企图是一种怯懦和绝望的行为。在为请愿书活动录制的录像致辞中,马拉拉呼吁建立更多的学校,以帮助实现2015年底前实现失学儿童拥有受教育权利的目标,并将这份请愿书呈交联合国纽约总部。   日前,美国《时代周刊》将马拉拉列入全球最具影响力百大人物榜。另外,马拉拉还被提名角逐本年度的诺贝尔和平奖,成为该奖项历史上最年轻的候选人。
  Education for Children, Especially Girls,
  Remains to Be an Urgent Issue
  儿童及女童教育问题亟待解决
  In “Malala Day”, Malala also attended the release ceremony of the newest Education for All Global Monitoring Report launched by the UN Educational, Scientific and Cultural organization (UNESCO)—“Children still battling to go to school”. She delivered the report to the UN on behalf of global youth, called for redoubled efforts from international society to solve the education problem of 57 million out-of-school children, and urged national leaders to popularize and improve education for the children, especially for girls and children in areas of conflict.
  According to this report, around the world there are still 31 millions girls of primary school age and 34 million of lower secondary school age remain out of school. In developing countries, one of every four young women does not finish primary education; two thirds of 774 million adult illiterates are women. It also indicated that, although since 2000 the number of out-of-school girls was halved, over recent years, there is a regression in some countries. Such as in Pakistan, Malala’s home country, the number of out-of-school girls increases by over 100 thousand compared to 2010. Likewise, the number of out-of-school girls is rebounded by at least 30 thousand. Meanwhile, it is even worse in areas of conflict. According to the statistics of UNESCO, there are still 57 million children out of primary school. Many live in countries embroiled in conflict.
  在“马拉拉日”活动当天,马拉拉还参加了联合国教科文组织《全民教育全球监测报告》组编撰的最新一份政策报告:“儿童仍在为上学而战”的发布仪式。她还将代表全球青少年向联合国递交此份报告,呼吁国际社会加倍努力,进一步改善世界各地5700多万失学儿童的教育现状,并向各国领导人明确提出普及和改善教育、尤其是女童和冲突地区儿童接受教育的明确要求。
  根据此份调研报告,全球现在至少有3100万小学学龄女童失学,另有约3400万初中学龄的少女辍学。在发展中国家,平均每四名年轻女性中就有一人未完成小学教育;在全球7亿7400多万成人文盲当中,近三分之二都是女性。该报告还显示,尽管全球女童失学人数自2000年以来已减少了一半左右,但近年来,个别国家出现明显的退步并面临严峻挑战。例如在马拉拉的祖国巴基斯坦,2011年失学女童的人数比2010年相比增加了10万多人,也门的失学女童人数也反弹了至少3万。与此同时,冲突地区儿童的失学问题也尤为突出。据教科文组织统计,全球现有至少5700万儿童无法上学,其中一半都生活在冲突地区,被战乱无情地剥夺了受教育的机会。
  Ahead of the “Malala Day”, UN Secretary-General Ban Ki-Moon met Malala and her family, presenting Malala a hardback edition of The United Nations Charter as a gift which was usually sent to the national leaders. Mr. Ban said, Malala chose to mark her 16th birthday with the world, unlike other people who might want to celebrate with rest or parties. Terrorists attacked Malala because their biggest fear is a girl with a book.
  It becomes less rare that children, girls, boys and their teacher become the target of attack. Some even lost their lives, and we can not allow this to happen again. No children should die for attending school; no teacher should fear for teaching, or kids for learning. As long as we are united, we can change the situation.
  在“马拉拉日”青年大会开始之前,潘基文秘书长在自己的办公室接见了马拉拉和其家人,并牵着马拉拉的手一同会见了记者。他向马拉拉赠送了一本平时专门送给国家元首的精装本《联合国宪章》。潘基文表示,通常大多数人喜欢通过一个聚会或是休息一天来庆祝自己的生日,但马拉拉选择以现在这种方式同世界一起来度过这一天。恐怖主义分子将袭击的目标针对马拉拉是因为她象征着一种他们最为惧怕的景象:一个女孩手里拿着一本书。
  “正像人们在世界一些国家中所看到的:儿童--女孩和男孩以及他们的老师在学校成为袭击的目标。他们受到威胁,遭遇攻击,有的因此丧生。我们不能够让这种事情再发生。任何一个儿童都不应为去上学而死;任何地方的教师都不应该因为教书而恐惧,孩子们也不应该为了学习而担惊受怕。人们只要团结起来,一定可以改变这种局面。”
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