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以昆明市4条主要道路的15种常见绿地树种为试材,通过实地调查及测量,对其叶片的降温增湿能力进行了分析比较。结果表明:不同树种的降温增湿能力差异很大,其中云南樟的降温增湿效果最好,日释水总量达到1 195.56g/m2,日降温度数为0.22℃;常春藤的日降温度数最低,仅为0.09℃;广玉兰的日释水总量最低,仅为505.44g/m2;不同植物在同一道路和同一植物在不同道路的降温增湿能力不同,所测的15种绿地树种降温能力大小依次为:云南樟(0.22℃)>香樟(0.21℃)>天竺桂(0.157℃)>小叶女贞(0.15℃)>紫叶李(0.14℃)>红叶石楠(0.13℃)>滇朴(0.12℃)>银杏(0.118℃)>八角金盘(0.11℃)>小叶榕(0.10℃)>常春藤(0.09℃),而杜鹃、广玉兰、茶梅和山茶的降温能力差别不大,都在0.09℃左右;增湿能力大小依次为:云南樟(1 195.56g/m2)>香樟(1 086.39g/m2)>紫叶李(749.16g/m2)>小叶女贞(743.31g/m2)>天竺桂(726.66g/m2)>红叶石楠(698.94g/m2)>滇朴(664.56g/m2)>八角金盘(623.52g/m2)>银杏(617.58g/m2)>杜鹃(586.98g/m2)>小叶榕(580.02g/m2)>茶梅(539.46g/m2)>山茶(524.70g/m2)>常春藤(506.51g/m2)>广玉兰(505.44g/m2);综合降温增湿能力总体上来说是:常绿乔木>落叶乔木>灌木。因此在道路绿化中,在考虑美化环境的同时,为提高道路绿地的生态效益,应多选用常绿乔木等降温增湿能力强的树种搭配种植。
Taking 15 common greenbelt species of 4 major roads in Kunming as test materials, the temperature-reducing and humidifying ability of their leaves were analyzed and compared through field investigation and measurement. The results showed that there were great differences in the ability to cool and humidify different species of trees, of which the effect of cooling and humidifying was the best, with the total amount of daily water reaching 1 195.56g / m2 and the daily temperature decreasing being 0.22 ℃. The lowest was only 0.09 ℃. The total amount of daily water released by Magnolia grandiflorum was the lowest, only 505.44g / m2. The ability of different plants to cool and humidify on different roads in the same road and the same plant was different. The order of ability was as follows: Yunnan camphor (0.22 ℃)> 0.21 ℃> Tianzhu (0.157 ℃)> Ligustrum lucidum (0.15 ℃)> Ziye Li> 0.14 ℃> (0.12 ℃> 0.118 ℃> 0.11 ℃> Ficus microcarpa (0.10 ℃)> ivy (0.09 ℃)), while the difference in the ability to cool between rhododendron, Magnolia grandiflora, camellia and camellia was not significant , All at about 0.09 ℃. The order of humidification capacity was as follows: Yunnan camphor (1 195.56g / m2)> Campanulaceae (1086.39g / m2)> Ziye plum (749.16g / m2) > Azolla (726.66g / m2)> Photinia fraseri (698.94g / m2)> Opuntia (664.56g / m2)> Aniseed (623.52g / m2)> Ginkgo biloba (617.58g / m2) (586.98g / m2)> Ficus microcarpa (580.02g / m2)> camellia (539.46g / m2)> camellia (524.7 0g / m2)> ivy (506.51g / m2)> Magnolia grandiflora (505.44g / m2); Integrated cooling and humidifying ability is generally speaking: evergreen tree> deciduous tree> shrub. Therefore, in the afforestation of the road, while considering the beautification of the environment, in order to improve the ecological benefits of the road green space, we should choose more trees with the ability to cool and humidify such as evergreen trees.