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研究了种植密度对晚播小麦氮素同化积累分配及氮素利用效率的影响。以重穗型冬小麦品种兰考矮早八为材料,在晚播期(10-24—10-26)设低(150万株/hm2)、中(225万株/hm2)、高(300万株/hm2)3个种植密度进行了2年大田试验。传统播期(10-10—10-12)为对照。结果表明,晚播小麦旗叶的硝酸还原酶活性和可溶性蛋白含量显著提高,单茎氮素积累量、营养器官转移氮素对籽粒氮素积累的贡献率以及植株的氮素收获指数和氮素吸收效率均提高,而氮素利用效率和籽粒产量降低。对照播期的低、中密度处理的氮代谢酶活性、氮素积累量和氮素利用效率及籽粒产量较高,而晚播处理则以中、高密度处理较高。不同播期的中密度处理的蛋白质含量和籽粒产量高于其他2个密度处理。因此,晚播条件下兰考矮早八兼顾高产和高效利用氮素的适宜播种密度为225~300万株/hm2。
The effects of planting density on nitrogen assimilation, accumulation and distribution and nitrogen use efficiency of late sowing wheat were studied. A total of 2.5 million plants were used as experimental materials, with low (1.5 million plants / hm2), medium (2.25 million plants / hm2) and high (3.0 million plants) in the late sowing date (10-24-10-26) / hm2) 3 planting density for 2 years field trials. Traditional sowing date (10-10-10-12) as a control. The results showed that the nitrate reductase activity and soluble protein content of late sowing wheat flag leaf were significantly increased, the single stem nitrogen accumulation, the contribution of nitrogen transfer from vegetative organs to nitrogen accumulation and the nitrogen harvest index and nitrogen Absorption efficiency increased, while nitrogen utilization efficiency and grain yield decreased. Compared with the sowing date, the activities of nitrogen metabolism enzyme, nitrogen accumulation, nitrogen use efficiency and grain yield of low and medium density treatment were higher than those of sowing date, while those of late sowing treatment were medium and high density. The protein content and grain yield of medium sowing treatments at different sowing dates were higher than the other two density treatments. Therefore, late sowing conditions Lankao short morning eight balance of high yield and efficient use of nitrogen suitable planting density of 225 to 3 million / hm2.