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目的了解柯桥区小学生及其家长健康素养情况,分析如何有效提升学生及其家长的健康素养。方法在建成区和农村分别抽取1所小学,对二、五年级各4个班级学生分别采取视频、讲座、宣传资料等方式,对学生及其家长进行问卷调查。结果学生干预组比空白组的知晓率高出16.1%。二年级视频组的知晓率最高,为77.23%;五年级PPT组的知晓率最高,达88.93%;城市学生比农村学生空白组知晓率高12.95%,但干预组基本持平。干预组家长比空白组家长烟草危害知晓率要高出6.87%。结论对学生开展素养教育有助于其健康素养的提高,高、低年级需要采取不同的教育方式才能获得最好的效果,城乡学生素养水平存在差异,但能通过一定教学减少甚至消除;家长空白组和干预组知晓率存在差异,通过孩子教育家长可尝试成为提高居民素养的一种方式。
Objective To understand the health literacy of pupils and their parents in Keqiao District and to analyze how to effectively improve the health literacy of students and their parents. Methods One primary school was selected in the built-up area and rural areas, and the other four classes in grade two and five were surveyed by video, lecture and publicity materials respectively. Results In the intervention group, the awareness rate was 16.1% higher than that in the blank group. The highest awareness of the second-year video group was 77.23%. The fifth-grade PPT group had the highest awareness rate of 88.93%. The awareness rate of urban students was 12.95% higher than that of the rural group, but the intervention group was basically the same. Parents in intervention group had 6.87% higher awareness of tobacco risk than parents in blank group. Conclusions Students’ accomplishment education helps to improve their health literacy. High and low grades need different education methods to get the best results. There are differences in literacy level between urban and rural students, but they can be reduced or even eliminated through certain teaching. There is a difference in awareness among groups and intervention groups, and parents can educate their children to try to be a way to improve their literacy.