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学习记忆是脑的高级机能,是神经生物学研究的热门课题。近年来,学习记忆脑内神经机制的研究已进入分子水平,其中蛋白质(包括酶)分子的变构作用已引起高度重视。本文介绍一种被誉为“记忆分子开关”的蛋白激Ⅱ,此酶受钙离子和钙调素的复合物激活,能催化多种蛋白质发生磷酸化作用,在脑内有特别高的浓度。由于此酶有一种有趣的生化特性,有人提出:一组全酶分子在突触部位可以形成一种“编码长时记忆的信息贮存装置”,起着记忆开关的作用。本文简要介绍此酶的命名、分布、结构与特性以及在神经信息贮存过程中的作用。
Learning and memory is a high-level function of the brain and a hot topic in neurobiology research. In recent years, the study of neural mechanisms in learning and memory brain has entered the molecular level, in which allosteric effects of proteins (including enzymes) have attracted great attention. This article describes a protein known as “memory molecule switch” Ⅱ, which is activated by a complex of calcium ions and calmodulin, catalyzes the phosphorylation of various proteins and has a particularly high concentration in the brain. Since this enzyme has an interesting biochemical property, it has been suggested that a group of holoenzyme molecules form a “storage device for information encoding long-term memory” at the synaptic site, acting as a memory switch. This article briefly describes the nomenclature, distribution, structure and properties of this enzyme and its role in neuronal information storage.