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物理是一门以实验为基础的科学,物理考试不仅要考查学生知识的运用,更要考查学生的科学探究能力.《物理课程标准》中明确的将科学探究及物理实验能力的要求细化为七个要素,包括提出问题、猜想与假设、制定计划与设计实验、进行实验与收集证据、分析与论证、评估、交流与合作等方面.各地的中考都十分重视对学生科学探究能力的考查,考题一般涉及科学探究七要素中的一个方面或多个方面,涉及的物理情境一般都不是课本实验的重现,而是要求学生在全新的情境中展示自己的科学探究能力.
Physics is an experiment-based science, physical examination not only to examine the use of student knowledge, but also to examine students’ ability of scientific inquiry. “Physics Curriculum Standards” clearly defined the requirements of scientific inquiry and physical experiment ability as Seven elements, including asking questions, supposing and assumptions, making plans and designing experiments, conducting experiments and collecting evidence, analyzing and arguing, assessing, exchanging and cooperating, etc. All the senior high school entrance exams attach great importance to the examination of students’ scientific inquiry ability, The test questions generally involve one or more aspects of the seven elements of scientific inquiry. The physical situations involved are generally not a reproduction of textbook experiments. Instead, students are required to demonstrate their scientific inquiry ability in new situations.