海洋是世界上最大的太阳能接收器。6000万平方公里的热带海洋平均每天吸收的太阳能,相当于2500亿桶石油所含的热量。如果将这些海洋表层海水中热能的0.1%转换成电能。那么就可发电140亿度,相当于目前美国发电能力的20倍。国外正在研究这种利用海洋热能发电的技术,通常称作“海洋温差发电”,又叫“海洋热能转换发电”。海洋温差发电有两种方式。一种是闭式循环,利用氨水、氟里昂等低沸点工作流体,使其吸收海 The ocean is the world’s largest solar receiver. The 60 million square kilometers of tropical oceans absorb the average daily solar energy, equivalent to the heat contained in 250 billion barrels of oil. If 0.1% of the heat energy in these sea surface seawater is converted into electrical energy. Then it can generate 14 billion kWh, equivalent to 20 times the current US capacity. Foreign countries are studying such technologies that use ocean heat to generate electricity. They are often called “marine thermal power generation,” and are also called “marine thermal power generation.” There are two ways to generate electricity from the ocean temperature difference. One is a closed cycle, using ammonia, Freon and other low-boiling working fluids to absorb the sea