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自卢卡契1923年发表《历史与阶级意识》以来,西方马克思主义文论家撰写了大批有份量的理论著作,并形成了文艺学不少分支学派。面对这一重要的文论现象,西方文论界早已在进行认真的研究。美国知名文艺理论家韦勒克为《二十世纪世界文学百科全书》撰写的“文学批评”条目中,称西方马克思主义文学理论(简称西马文论)与心理分析、神话批评三足鼎立,为当今“真正具有国际性的文学批评”。认真研究西马文论的产生、发展及理论得失,对于建设有中国特色的马克思主义文艺学,将有借鉴意义。
Since the publication of “History and Class Consciousness” by Lukacs in 1923, Western Marxist literary writers have compiled large quantities of theoretical works and formed many branch schools of literature and art. In the face of this important phenomenon of literary theory, the western literary circles are already conducting serious studies. In the entry of “Literary Criticism” written by the famous American literary theorist Welk for the “World Encyclopedia of World Literature in the Twentieth Century,” he points out that Western Marxist literary theory (abbreviated as “Western Marxist Literary Theory”) has three pillars with psychological analysis and mythological criticism. “Truly international literary criticism.” A careful study of the emergence, development and gains and losses of the theory of Marxism in Western Marxism will have reference value for the construction of Marxism literature and art with Chinese characteristics.