本文从两个层面探讨阮籍的悲剧性生存。第一，从生与死的不同结果比较嵇、阮的心态，突出阮籍“活着却更难”；第二，阮籍的死亡焦虑意识及彼岸世界的不可追求，深化了其生存的形而上痛苦。 This article discusses Ruan Ji’s tragedy from two aspects. First, comparing the different results of life and death, we can see that Ruan’s attitude is “more alive but more difficult”. Second, Ruan Ji’s sense of anxiety about death and the unsustainable pursuit of the other side of the world have deepened the metaphysical pain in his survival.