从20世纪初起,各海军强国竞相发展大型、高速的巡洋舰。到第一次世界大战期间,巡洋舰吨位大幅度增加,航速明显提高,火炮口径也有所加大。例如英国1916年建成的“霍金斯”型巡洋舰,排水量达9800吨,最大航速为30节,装备了7门190毫米炮。该型舰成为现代重巡洋舰的先驱。第二次世界大战爆发之前,各国巡洋舰的研制和建造又进入了一个新的阶段。巡洋舰特别是重巡洋舰 Since the early 20th century, all naval powerhouses have been vying with large-scale and high-speed cruisers. By the time of World War I, the cruiser tonnage was greatly increased, the speed was significantly increased, and the artillery caliber increased. For example, the British “Hawkins” cruiser built in 1916 has a displacement of 9,800 tons and a maximum speed of 30 knots. It is equipped with 7 190-mm artillery guns. This type of ship became a pioneer of modern heavy cruisers. Prior to the outbreak of World War II, the development and construction of cruisers in various countries entered a new phase. Cruisers, especially heavy cruisers