The scientific idea of earthquake prediction in China is introduced in this paper. The various problems on evaluation of earthquake prediction ability are analyzed. The practical effect of prediction on annual seismic risk areas in 1990~2000 in China is discussed based on R-value evaluation method, and the ability of present earthquake prediction in China is reviewed. The scientific idea of ​​earthquake prediction in China is introduced in this paper. The practical problems of evaluating the earthquake prediction ability are are. The practical effect of prediction on annual seismic risk areas in 1990 ~ 2000 in China is discussed based on R-value evaluation method, and the ability of present earthquake prediction in China are reviewed.