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In recent years, some countries including China had a hot wave of enrolling for young civil servants. According to official statistics, in 2014, 1.52 million people took the national civil service examination in China. However, in 2003, the number was only 87,000. In ten years, it rose nearly 18 times and even one thousand people competed for one job. Professor Zhu Lijia of China National School of Administration told the media in the interview, “By the end of 2012, the total number of national civil servant broke through 7 million, increasing nearly 500,000 in 5 years."
However, recently, in mainland China it has reported the news of the resignation of civil servants, which undoubtedly caused a negative influence on the civil service exam. At the same time, it also made people begin to reflect on the hot enrollment of young civil servants.
近年来，包括中国在内的一些国家掀起了一股狂热的青年公务员“热”。据官方数据统计显示，2014年，中国有152万人参加了国家公务员考试报名，而在2003年，这一数据仅为8.7万，十年间“暴涨”了近18倍，近几年更是出现千人争一岗的火爆场面。中国国家行政学院教授竹立家在接受媒体采访时说：“截至2012年底，全国公务员总数突破700万，5年间增长近50万人。”
然而近期中国内地却爆出了公务员辞职新闻流，无疑给公务员考试泼了一瓢冷水。同时，也让人们开始反思青年公务员报考热潮。
To be a Civil servant becomes popular for a time
风靡一时的公务员职业
Civil servant, just as its name implies, means “the servant of the public”. Literally, it illuminates a simple reason: “The drive to take up this job is the sense of honor and the determination to serve the public.” Professor Zhu Lijia said in an interview: “In modern countries, the team of civil servants is made up of a group of people with the ability of management who aspire for the general public service and regard social honor higher than the interests of money.”
公务员，顾名思义，即“公众的仆人”。仅从字面上就已经阐明了一个简单的道理:“从事这份工作的驱动力是荣誉感与服务公众的决心。”中国国家行政学院教授竹立家在一次采访中如是说，“在现代国家，公务员队伍一般由一批有志于为公共事业服务、视社会荣誉感高于金钱利益，并且有一定管理智慧和水平的人构成。”
In China, civil servants were once the representatives of social elites. Millions of people regarded it as the best occupation. In America, recently, it also had an unprecedented hot wave of “enrolling for civil servants”. According to the report of Hong Kong Media, since 2008, due to the severe American economic and employment situation, there has been a phenomenon that more than 3,000 new positions in government attracted about 300,000 applicants.
According to a poll in Russia in 2011, civil servant ranked first in the hottest career list. In Germany, some positions are permanent and the employees cannot be fired, so civil servant is also a popular career. A survey of human resource and marketing agency in Germany showed that nearly 20% of German college students want to be a civil servant after graduation. A report of Global Times in 2012 said: “This year Japan has also had an unprecedented boom in national and local civil service exams." 放眼世界，在中国，公务员曾一度被认为是社会精英的代表，一个千万人奉为“香饽饽”的职业。在美国，近年来也掀起了史无前例的“公务员热”。据香港媒体报道，2008年以来，由于美国经济和就业形势严峻，曾出现过三千多个新政府职位引来约30万名申请者竞争的火爆场面。
据俄罗斯2011年的一项民调显示，公务员在最热门职业排行榜中高居首位。在德国，因为某些岗位终身任职不能被解雇，所以公务员也是颇为热门的职业。德国人力资源营销机构的调查显示，目前德国大学生毕业后想当国家公务员的有近20%。“日本今年国家和地方公务员考试也出现了前所未有的热潮”，2012年《环球时报》一篇报道显示。
Cruel civil service exam
残酷的公务员考试
Despite all kinds of pressures of the civil servants, young people's passions for being" officials in politics" remain. Behind the hot jobs, however, it is the cruel exam. In China, "the highest honor" can only be owned by those who defeat thousands of competitors. Jonathan Finn, commentator of the Guardian in Britain, thought that Chinese young people had no other way to go but experience again and again cruel competitive examinations if they wanted to become civil servants.
In India, the civil service exam is claimed to be the most difficult test in the world. Every year, hundreds of thousands of people take the examination, but the acceptance rate is only less than 10 in a thousand. Candidates need to pass three stages, namely qualifying examination, the main test and the interview. It almost needs one year to complete the whole process, and each person has only four chances during his lifetime.
尽管各种压力敲打着公务员的神经，还是无法阻止青年人对“为官从政”的热情。然而，热门职业背后，却是残酷的考试。在中国，这份“至高荣誉”只有于千军万马中成功过独木桥者方能拥有。著有《现代中国史》的英国《卫报》评论员强纳森·芬比认为，中国年轻人在职业规划上，如果要想当上公务员，就没有别的途径可走，只有经历一次次残酷的竞争考试。
在印度，公务员考试号称是全世界最难的考试，每年报考人数几十万，录取率却只有千分之几。考生需要经过初试、主试和面试三个阶段，差不多花费1年时间才能完成，且每人一生只有四次机会。
Britain is the earliest country that puts the system of civil servants into practice in the world. In the selection of civil servants, Britain always maintains the traditional consciousness that “people who have received higher education are more suitable to be leaders". Therefore, the difficulty of civil service exam is one of the main reasons that college students are not keen on registering for the examination. According to statistics, most of British civil servants are outstanding graduates from Cambridge, Oxford and other famous comprehensive universities. The biggest characteristic of British civil service exam is "the intelligence test on thinking". After the general test, professional test and the interview, the candidates may be employed if they are on the top three levels (there are a total of seven levels). Newly hired officials can be formally employed after two years’ probation.
In France, the civil service exam is also very competitive. French civil service system is divided into politics and business. Civil service exam of business is generally divided into written and oral examination. The examination’s content includes politics, economy, culture, Constitution, history, etc. The positions such as diplomatic personnel and advisers to the government require that the candidates have high academic qualifications and the elimination rate of selection is very high. 英国是世界上最早实行公务员制度的国家。在公务员选拔方面，英国一直保持着“接受过优良高等教育的人更适合担任领导”的传统意识。因此，公务员难考是英国大学生并不热衷报考公务员的重要原因之一。据统计，英国公务员大多为剑桥、牛津等名牌综合性大学的优秀毕业生。英国公务员考试最大的特色就是“智力测验考思维”，历经统测、专业素质、面试答辩后，进入前三个等级的方可录用（总共七个等级），新录用的官员一般要经过两年的试用期，才能被正式录用。
在法国，公务员考试竞争也很激烈，法国公务员制度分为政务类和业务类两种。业务类公务员考试，一般分为笔试和口试，考试内容涉及政治、经济、文化、宪法、历史、宪法等等方面，对于像外交人员和政府顾问等这样的职位，不仅要求候选人具有高学历，且选拔淘汰率非常高。
Why civil servants are so attractive to youths
公务员为何备受青年青睐
Though the exam is of high difficulty, countless teenagers enter themselves for the examination of civil servants. Even though various countries in the world have different rules of civil service systems in order to maintain political stability, the job of civil servants is stable and has good benefits, higher social status and comprehensive guarantee, so it attracts many youngsters to take the exam.
虽然难度系数高，但是仍有不计其数的热血青年报考公务员。纵使世界各国为了维护政治稳定，对公务员制度有不同的规定，但从整体上看，吸引青年人投身“公务员大军”的最重要的诱因还是“工作稳定，福利优厚，社会地位较高，保障较为全面”。
Lin Li is a master student in Beijing Institute of Technology in China. Last year she failed in the exam for the gap of a few points. Recently, she said she would not give up, and have already started preparing for the civil service exam in her hometown. In fact, a lot of people think like Lin Li that they will enjoy the carefree life in their old age and higher social status once they enter into the system.
Julie Ann, a sophomore majoring in chemistry from Allier University in France, said, "The civil servant is very popular in French. It is a secure job. Although the income is not high, they get the salary of 13 months per year and also enjoy not less than 25 kinds of subsidies." Chinese Radio Network reported that French civil servants enjoyed not less than 25 kinds of subsidies: subsidies on bicycle, clothing, shoes, small ornament, etc.
In India, civil servant is regarded as the career that can glorify and illuminate ancestors with higher salaries and benefits than other general occupations. Therefore, numerous Indian young people work hard to get the jobs.
去年因几分之差与面试擦身而过的蔺丽，是中国北京理工大学的一名硕士生，近日，她表示不会放弃，并已经开始着手准备参加老家的公务员考试。其实，很多人和蔺丽一样，他们认为，进入体制内意味着晚年无忧的生活，较高的社会地位等。
来自法国阿利耶大学化学专业大二的茱莉安说:“公务员是法国人非常向往的职业，就是‘铁饭碗’，虽然收入不高，但每年可领13个月的工资，还享受着不少于25种的各类补贴。”据中国广播网报道，法国公务员享受不少于25种各类补贴：自行车补贴、服装补贴、穿鞋补贴、小装饰补贴，还有买内衣或衣物丢失补贴等奇怪的补贴。
在印度，公务员职业被视为“光宗耀祖”的行业，待遇和福利远比一般工作都要高。为此，无数印度青年挑灯夜读，争先恐后。
American civil servants can enjoy federal health benefits. The government will bear most of the health care costs. Civil servants have longer paid holidays. Some government departments also help employees to repay their student loans. In addition, different departments have childcare centers in office buildings or to provide childcare subsidies to low-income employees. In Britain, although civil servants are not well-paid, the welfare is very good. The most important welfare of British civil servants is the pension. The country also has different types of occupational pension insurance system for civil servants. In addition, British civil servants may have flexible schedules, and even time for children’s holidays.
美国公务员可以享受联邦健康福利计划，政府承担大部分的医疗费用。公务员有较长时间的带薪休假。甚至一些政府部门还会帮助雇员偿还助学贷款。此外，根据部门不同，有的部门会在办公楼内设托儿所，给低收入雇员发放育儿补助等。
在英国，虽然公务员算不上高薪，但福利不错。英国公务员最主要的福利是养老金，且国家还为公务员设立了不同类型的职业养老金保险制度。另外，英国公务员可实行弹性工作制，甚至与孩子假期互动都有相关保障。
German civil servants are divided into two kinds: one in tenure system and one elected by people. Even the latter cannot be dismissed in his tenure. Facing the flexible working hours, generous pensions and colorful work life, German youths are willing to be civil servants.
In ROK, as long as they do not get the criminal punishments above being detained or dismissed, South Korea's civil servants can basically rely on the country for a lifetime. With the career stability and better social security and retirement system, the civil servants are also regarded as having the "profession of god”.
德国公务员分终身制和民选公务员，即便是民选公务员，任期内也不能解雇。再加上公务员弹性的上班时间，丰厚的退休金，多彩的上班生活，德国青年对公务员也是乐此不疲。
在韩国，只要没有受到拘禁以上的刑事处分或者罢免，韩国的公务员基本上一辈子就可以依靠国家吃饭。职业的稳定性加上良好的社会保障和退休制度，使得公务员在韩国也被称做“神的职业”。
However, recently, in mainland China it has reported the news of the resignation of civil servants, which undoubtedly caused a negative influence on the civil service exam. At the same time, it also made people begin to reflect on the hot enrollment of young civil servants.
近年来，包括中国在内的一些国家掀起了一股狂热的青年公务员“热”。据官方数据统计显示，2014年，中国有152万人参加了国家公务员考试报名，而在2003年，这一数据仅为8.7万，十年间“暴涨”了近18倍，近几年更是出现千人争一岗的火爆场面。中国国家行政学院教授竹立家在接受媒体采访时说：“截至2012年底，全国公务员总数突破700万，5年间增长近50万人。”
然而近期中国内地却爆出了公务员辞职新闻流，无疑给公务员考试泼了一瓢冷水。同时，也让人们开始反思青年公务员报考热潮。
To be a Civil servant becomes popular for a time
风靡一时的公务员职业
Civil servant, just as its name implies, means “the servant of the public”. Literally, it illuminates a simple reason: “The drive to take up this job is the sense of honor and the determination to serve the public.” Professor Zhu Lijia said in an interview: “In modern countries, the team of civil servants is made up of a group of people with the ability of management who aspire for the general public service and regard social honor higher than the interests of money.”
公务员，顾名思义，即“公众的仆人”。仅从字面上就已经阐明了一个简单的道理:“从事这份工作的驱动力是荣誉感与服务公众的决心。”中国国家行政学院教授竹立家在一次采访中如是说，“在现代国家，公务员队伍一般由一批有志于为公共事业服务、视社会荣誉感高于金钱利益，并且有一定管理智慧和水平的人构成。”
In China, civil servants were once the representatives of social elites. Millions of people regarded it as the best occupation. In America, recently, it also had an unprecedented hot wave of “enrolling for civil servants”. According to the report of Hong Kong Media, since 2008, due to the severe American economic and employment situation, there has been a phenomenon that more than 3,000 new positions in government attracted about 300,000 applicants.
According to a poll in Russia in 2011, civil servant ranked first in the hottest career list. In Germany, some positions are permanent and the employees cannot be fired, so civil servant is also a popular career. A survey of human resource and marketing agency in Germany showed that nearly 20% of German college students want to be a civil servant after graduation. A report of Global Times in 2012 said: “This year Japan has also had an unprecedented boom in national and local civil service exams." 放眼世界，在中国，公务员曾一度被认为是社会精英的代表，一个千万人奉为“香饽饽”的职业。在美国，近年来也掀起了史无前例的“公务员热”。据香港媒体报道，2008年以来，由于美国经济和就业形势严峻，曾出现过三千多个新政府职位引来约30万名申请者竞争的火爆场面。
据俄罗斯2011年的一项民调显示，公务员在最热门职业排行榜中高居首位。在德国，因为某些岗位终身任职不能被解雇，所以公务员也是颇为热门的职业。德国人力资源营销机构的调查显示，目前德国大学生毕业后想当国家公务员的有近20%。“日本今年国家和地方公务员考试也出现了前所未有的热潮”，2012年《环球时报》一篇报道显示。
Cruel civil service exam
残酷的公务员考试
Despite all kinds of pressures of the civil servants, young people's passions for being" officials in politics" remain. Behind the hot jobs, however, it is the cruel exam. In China, "the highest honor" can only be owned by those who defeat thousands of competitors. Jonathan Finn, commentator of the Guardian in Britain, thought that Chinese young people had no other way to go but experience again and again cruel competitive examinations if they wanted to become civil servants.
In India, the civil service exam is claimed to be the most difficult test in the world. Every year, hundreds of thousands of people take the examination, but the acceptance rate is only less than 10 in a thousand. Candidates need to pass three stages, namely qualifying examination, the main test and the interview. It almost needs one year to complete the whole process, and each person has only four chances during his lifetime.
尽管各种压力敲打着公务员的神经，还是无法阻止青年人对“为官从政”的热情。然而，热门职业背后，却是残酷的考试。在中国，这份“至高荣誉”只有于千军万马中成功过独木桥者方能拥有。著有《现代中国史》的英国《卫报》评论员强纳森·芬比认为，中国年轻人在职业规划上，如果要想当上公务员，就没有别的途径可走，只有经历一次次残酷的竞争考试。
在印度，公务员考试号称是全世界最难的考试，每年报考人数几十万，录取率却只有千分之几。考生需要经过初试、主试和面试三个阶段，差不多花费1年时间才能完成，且每人一生只有四次机会。
Britain is the earliest country that puts the system of civil servants into practice in the world. In the selection of civil servants, Britain always maintains the traditional consciousness that “people who have received higher education are more suitable to be leaders". Therefore, the difficulty of civil service exam is one of the main reasons that college students are not keen on registering for the examination. According to statistics, most of British civil servants are outstanding graduates from Cambridge, Oxford and other famous comprehensive universities. The biggest characteristic of British civil service exam is "the intelligence test on thinking". After the general test, professional test and the interview, the candidates may be employed if they are on the top three levels (there are a total of seven levels). Newly hired officials can be formally employed after two years’ probation.
In France, the civil service exam is also very competitive. French civil service system is divided into politics and business. Civil service exam of business is generally divided into written and oral examination. The examination’s content includes politics, economy, culture, Constitution, history, etc. The positions such as diplomatic personnel and advisers to the government require that the candidates have high academic qualifications and the elimination rate of selection is very high. 英国是世界上最早实行公务员制度的国家。在公务员选拔方面，英国一直保持着“接受过优良高等教育的人更适合担任领导”的传统意识。因此，公务员难考是英国大学生并不热衷报考公务员的重要原因之一。据统计，英国公务员大多为剑桥、牛津等名牌综合性大学的优秀毕业生。英国公务员考试最大的特色就是“智力测验考思维”，历经统测、专业素质、面试答辩后，进入前三个等级的方可录用（总共七个等级），新录用的官员一般要经过两年的试用期，才能被正式录用。
在法国，公务员考试竞争也很激烈，法国公务员制度分为政务类和业务类两种。业务类公务员考试，一般分为笔试和口试，考试内容涉及政治、经济、文化、宪法、历史、宪法等等方面，对于像外交人员和政府顾问等这样的职位，不仅要求候选人具有高学历，且选拔淘汰率非常高。
Why civil servants are so attractive to youths
公务员为何备受青年青睐
Though the exam is of high difficulty, countless teenagers enter themselves for the examination of civil servants. Even though various countries in the world have different rules of civil service systems in order to maintain political stability, the job of civil servants is stable and has good benefits, higher social status and comprehensive guarantee, so it attracts many youngsters to take the exam.
虽然难度系数高，但是仍有不计其数的热血青年报考公务员。纵使世界各国为了维护政治稳定，对公务员制度有不同的规定，但从整体上看，吸引青年人投身“公务员大军”的最重要的诱因还是“工作稳定，福利优厚，社会地位较高，保障较为全面”。
Lin Li is a master student in Beijing Institute of Technology in China. Last year she failed in the exam for the gap of a few points. Recently, she said she would not give up, and have already started preparing for the civil service exam in her hometown. In fact, a lot of people think like Lin Li that they will enjoy the carefree life in their old age and higher social status once they enter into the system.
Julie Ann, a sophomore majoring in chemistry from Allier University in France, said, "The civil servant is very popular in French. It is a secure job. Although the income is not high, they get the salary of 13 months per year and also enjoy not less than 25 kinds of subsidies." Chinese Radio Network reported that French civil servants enjoyed not less than 25 kinds of subsidies: subsidies on bicycle, clothing, shoes, small ornament, etc.
In India, civil servant is regarded as the career that can glorify and illuminate ancestors with higher salaries and benefits than other general occupations. Therefore, numerous Indian young people work hard to get the jobs.
去年因几分之差与面试擦身而过的蔺丽，是中国北京理工大学的一名硕士生，近日，她表示不会放弃，并已经开始着手准备参加老家的公务员考试。其实，很多人和蔺丽一样，他们认为，进入体制内意味着晚年无忧的生活，较高的社会地位等。
来自法国阿利耶大学化学专业大二的茱莉安说:“公务员是法国人非常向往的职业，就是‘铁饭碗’，虽然收入不高，但每年可领13个月的工资，还享受着不少于25种的各类补贴。”据中国广播网报道，法国公务员享受不少于25种各类补贴：自行车补贴、服装补贴、穿鞋补贴、小装饰补贴，还有买内衣或衣物丢失补贴等奇怪的补贴。
在印度，公务员职业被视为“光宗耀祖”的行业，待遇和福利远比一般工作都要高。为此，无数印度青年挑灯夜读，争先恐后。
American civil servants can enjoy federal health benefits. The government will bear most of the health care costs. Civil servants have longer paid holidays. Some government departments also help employees to repay their student loans. In addition, different departments have childcare centers in office buildings or to provide childcare subsidies to low-income employees. In Britain, although civil servants are not well-paid, the welfare is very good. The most important welfare of British civil servants is the pension. The country also has different types of occupational pension insurance system for civil servants. In addition, British civil servants may have flexible schedules, and even time for children’s holidays.
美国公务员可以享受联邦健康福利计划，政府承担大部分的医疗费用。公务员有较长时间的带薪休假。甚至一些政府部门还会帮助雇员偿还助学贷款。此外，根据部门不同，有的部门会在办公楼内设托儿所，给低收入雇员发放育儿补助等。
在英国，虽然公务员算不上高薪，但福利不错。英国公务员最主要的福利是养老金，且国家还为公务员设立了不同类型的职业养老金保险制度。另外，英国公务员可实行弹性工作制，甚至与孩子假期互动都有相关保障。
German civil servants are divided into two kinds: one in tenure system and one elected by people. Even the latter cannot be dismissed in his tenure. Facing the flexible working hours, generous pensions and colorful work life, German youths are willing to be civil servants.
In ROK, as long as they do not get the criminal punishments above being detained or dismissed, South Korea's civil servants can basically rely on the country for a lifetime. With the career stability and better social security and retirement system, the civil servants are also regarded as having the "profession of god”.
德国公务员分终身制和民选公务员，即便是民选公务员，任期内也不能解雇。再加上公务员弹性的上班时间，丰厚的退休金，多彩的上班生活，德国青年对公务员也是乐此不疲。
在韩国，只要没有受到拘禁以上的刑事处分或者罢免，韩国的公务员基本上一辈子就可以依靠国家吃饭。职业的稳定性加上良好的社会保障和退休制度，使得公务员在韩国也被称做“神的职业”。