一、市场和商人 商品的开发、运销和价值增值都离不开商人。现在我们对商人的研究比较少。在资本主义发展过程中,欧洲的许多名著都描写了资本家,文艺复兴带来了许多新的商人形象,如当时的威尼斯商人就很出名。但明清以来,中国商人出名的不多,进入艺术品的更少,这与历史上的轻商思想有关系。我看了张海鹏教授编的《十大商帮》一书,有五六个商帮与沿江市场有关系。十大商帮在明清几百年中称雄天下,留下的光辉形象却很少。民国时期的艺术品对商人形象有一些反映,如《林家铺子》、《子夜》,但正面形象不多。历史学家要帮他们正名。 1. Markets and Businessmen The development, distribution, and appreciation of value of goods cannot be separated from business people. Now we have less research on businessmen. In the process of capitalist development, many masterpieces in Europe described capitalists. The Renaissance brought many new merchant images. For example, the then Venetian merchants were well-known. However, since the Ming and Qing dynasties, Chinese businessmen have become less famous and have entered fewer works of art. This is related to the history of light business thinking. I read a book entitled “Top Ten Business Partners” edited by Prof. Zhang Haipeng. There are five or six merchants who have relations with the market along the Yangtze River. The top ten business gangs ruled the world in the Ming and Qing dynasties, leaving few glorious images. The artworks of the Republic of China had some reflections on the images of businessmen, such as Lin Jia Puzi and Midnight, but the positive image was not much. Historians will help them to name themselves.