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目的探讨教室CO2体积分数的可能影响因素,为防控学校呼吸道传染病以及修订教室通风换气的国家标准提供依据。方法现场检测大连市10所城市高中60间教室的CO2体积分数,进行教室在坐人数、走廊通风状况、开门窗通风总面积、气象状况4个方面的卫生学调查。结果单因素分析显示,气象条件、教室在坐人数、开门窗通风总面积对教室CO2体积分数有影响,走廊通风状况没有影响。多因素分析显示,气象条件、开门窗通风总面积对教室CO2体积分数有影响,教室在坐人数、走廊通风状况没有影响;开门窗通风总面积大是教室空气质量的保护因素,气象条件较差则是危险因素。结论影响教室通风的4方面可能因素中,开门窗面积和气象条件是主要因素,教室在坐人数是次要因素。
Objective To explore the possible influencing factors of CO2 volume fraction in classrooms and provide evidences for preventing and controlling respiratory diseases in schools and revising the national standards for ventilation in classrooms. Methods CO2 concentration of 60 classrooms in 10 urban high schools in Dalian City was detected on site. Hygiene investigation was conducted in 4 classrooms, including the number of people sitting in the classroom, the ventilation of the corridor, the total area of open doors and windows, and the weather conditions. Results The univariate analysis showed that the meteorological conditions, the number of people sitting in the classroom and the total area of open doors and windows had an impact on the volume fraction of CO2 in the classroom and the ventilation in the corridor had no effect. Multivariate analysis showed that the meteorological conditions and the total area of open door and window ventilation had an impact on the volume fraction of CO2 in the classroom, the number of people sitting in the classroom and the ventilation in the corridor had no effect. The total area of ventilation with open windows and doors was the protective factor of air quality in the classroom with poor meteorological conditions It is a risk factor. Conclusions Of the four possible factors that affect classroom ventilation, the number of open windows and doors and meteorological conditions are the major factors and the number of people sitting in the classroom is a secondary factor.